source:
  type: regulation
  id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k
  authority: FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1692k — Civil liability
  description: 'FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.), §1692k Civil liability. Captured section-complete
    from Cornell LII (verbatim).

    '
obligations:
- id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-a
  canonical_id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-a
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1692k(a)
  description: 'Civil liability — (a): (a) Amount of damages Except as otherwise provided by this section, any debt
    collector who fails to comply with any provision of this subchapter with respect to any person is liable to
    such person in an amount equal to the sum of— (1) any actual damage sustained by such person as a result of
    such fa…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1692k
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1692k
    snapshot_id: 9d531646cd16a79d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:e05696b8bd23fe732a00bda8e6ae2c693c7db8038492bab17463c24e45f008e6
    paragraph_quote: (a) Amount of damages Except as otherwise provided by this section, any debt collector who
      fails to comply with any provision of this subchapter with respect to any person is liable to such person
      in an amount equal to the sum of— (1) any actual damage sustained by such person as a result of such failure;
      (2) (A) in the case of any action by an individual, such additional damages as the court may allow, but not
      exceeding $1,000; or (B) in the case of a class action, (i) such amount for each named plaintiff as could
      be recovered under subparagraph (A), and (ii) such amount as the court may allow for all other class members,
      without regard to a minimum individual recovery, not to exceed the lesser of $500,000 or 1 per centum of the
      net worth of the debt collector; and (3) in the case of any successful action to enforce the foregoing liability,
      the costs of the action, together with a reasonable attorney’s fee as determined by the court. On a finding
      by the court that an action under this section was brought in bad faith and for the purpose of harassment,
      the court may award to the defendant attorney’s fees reasonable in relation to the work expended and costs.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1692k subsection (a) from Cornell LII snapshot 9d531646cd16a79d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-b
  canonical_id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-b
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1692k(b)
  description: 'Civil liability — (b): (b) Factors considered by court In determining the amount of liability in
    any action under subsection (a), the court shall consider, among other relevant factors— (1) in any individual
    action under subsection (a)(2)(A), the frequency and persistence of noncompliance by the debt collector, the
    nature…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1692k
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1692k
    snapshot_id: 9d531646cd16a79d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:e05696b8bd23fe732a00bda8e6ae2c693c7db8038492bab17463c24e45f008e6
    paragraph_quote: (b) Factors considered by court In determining the amount of liability in any action under
      subsection (a), the court shall consider, among other relevant factors— (1) in any individual action under
      subsection (a)(2)(A), the frequency and persistence of noncompliance by the debt collector, the nature of
      such noncompliance, and the extent to which such noncompliance was intentional; or (2) in any class action
      under subsection (a)(2)(B), the frequency and persistence of noncompliance by the debt collector, the nature
      of such noncompliance, the resources of the debt collector, the number of persons adversely affected, and
      the extent to which the debt collector’s noncompliance was intentional.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1692k subsection (b) from Cornell LII snapshot 9d531646cd16a79d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-c
  canonical_id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-c
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1692k(c)
  description: 'Civil liability — (c): (c) Intent A debt collector may not be held liable in any action brought
    under this subchapter if the debt collector shows by a preponderance of evidence that the violation was not
    intentional and resulted from a bona fide error notwithstanding the maintenance of procedures reasonably adapted
    to avo…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1692k
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1692k
    snapshot_id: 9d531646cd16a79d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:e05696b8bd23fe732a00bda8e6ae2c693c7db8038492bab17463c24e45f008e6
    paragraph_quote: (c) Intent A debt collector may not be held liable in any action brought under this subchapter
      if the debt collector shows by a preponderance of evidence that the violation was not intentional and resulted
      from a bona fide error notwithstanding the maintenance of procedures reasonably adapted to avoid any such
      error.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1692k subsection (c) from Cornell LII snapshot 9d531646cd16a79d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-d
  canonical_id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-d
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1692k(d)
  description: 'Civil liability — (d): (d) Jurisdiction An action to enforce any liability created by this subchapter
    may be brought in any appropriate United States district court without regard to the amount in controversy,
    or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, within one year from the date on which the violation occurs.'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1692k
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1692k
    snapshot_id: 9d531646cd16a79d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:e05696b8bd23fe732a00bda8e6ae2c693c7db8038492bab17463c24e45f008e6
    paragraph_quote: (d) Jurisdiction An action to enforce any liability created by this subchapter may be brought
      in any appropriate United States district court without regard to the amount in controversy, or in any other
      court of competent jurisdiction, within one year from the date on which the violation occurs.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1692k subsection (d) from Cornell LII snapshot 9d531646cd16a79d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-e
  canonical_id: fdcpa-15usc-1692k-e
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1692k(e)
  description: 'Civil liability — (e): (e) Advisory opinions of Bureau No provision of this section imposing any
    liability shall apply to any act done or omitted in good faith in conformity with any advisory opinion of the
    Bureau , notwithstanding that after such act or omission has occurred, such opinion is amended, rescinded, or
    determ…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: FDCPA (Fair Debt Collection Practices Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1692k
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1692k
    snapshot_id: 9d531646cd16a79d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:e05696b8bd23fe732a00bda8e6ae2c693c7db8038492bab17463c24e45f008e6
    paragraph_quote: (e) Advisory opinions of Bureau No provision of this section imposing any liability shall apply
      to any act done or omitted in good faith in conformity with any advisory opinion of the Bureau , notwithstanding
      that after such act or omission has occurred, such opinion is amended, rescinded, or determined by judicial
      or other authority to be invalid for any reason. ( Pub. L. 90–321, title VIII, § 813 , as added Pub. L. 95–109
      , Sept. 20, 1977 , 91 Stat. 881 ; amended Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1089(1) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat.
      2092 .)
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1692k subsection (e) from Cornell LII snapshot 9d531646cd16a79d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
