source:
  type: regulation
  id: tila-15usc-1641
  authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641 — Liability of assignees
  description: 'TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.), §1641 Liability of assignees. Captured section-complete
    from Cornell LII (verbatim).

    '
obligations:
- id: tila-15usc-1641-a
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-a
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(a)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (a): (a) Prerequisites Except as otherwise specifically provided in this
    subchapter, any civil action for a violation of this subchapter or proceeding under section 1607 of this title
    which may be brought against a creditor may be maintained against any assignee of such creditor only if the
    violation for…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (a) Prerequisites Except as otherwise specifically provided in this subchapter, any civil action
      for a violation of this subchapter or proceeding under section 1607 of this title which may be brought against
      a creditor may be maintained against any assignee of such creditor only if the violation for which such action
      or proceeding is brought is apparent on the face of the disclosure statement, except where the assignment
      was involuntary. For the purpose of this section, a violation apparent on the face of the disclosure statement
      includes, but is not limited to (1) a disclosure which can be determined to be incomplete or inaccurate from
      the face of the disclosure statement or other documents assigned, or (2) a disclosure which does not use the
      terms required to be used by this subchapter.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (a) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-b
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-b
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(b)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (b): (b) Proof of compliance with statutory provisions Except as provided
    in section 1635(c) of this title , in any action or proceeding by or against any subsequent assignee of the
    original creditor without knowledge to the contrary by the assignee when he acquires the obligation, written
    acknowledgemen…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (b) Proof of compliance with statutory provisions Except as provided in section 1635(c) of
      this title , in any action or proceeding by or against any subsequent assignee of the original creditor without
      knowledge to the contrary by the assignee when he acquires the obligation, written acknowledgement of receipt
      by a person to whom a statement is required to be given pursuant to this subchapter shall be conclusive proof
      of the delivery thereof and, except as provided in subsection (a), of compliance with this part. This section
      does not affect the rights of the obligor in any action against the original creditor.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (b) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-c
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-c
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(c)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (c): (c) Right of rescission by consumer unaffected Any consumer who has
    the right to rescind a transaction under section 1635 of this title may rescind the transaction as against any
    assignee of the obligation.'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (c) Right of rescission by consumer unaffected Any consumer who has the right to rescind a
      transaction under section 1635 of this title may rescind the transaction as against any assignee of the obligation.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (c) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-d
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-d
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(d)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (d): (d) Rights upon assignment of certain mortgages (1) In general Any
    person who purchases or is otherwise assigned a mortgage referred to in section 1602(aa) [1] of this title shall
    be subject to all claims and defenses with respect to that mortgage that the consumer could assert against the
    creditor …'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (d) Rights upon assignment of certain mortgages (1) In general Any person who purchases or
      is otherwise assigned a mortgage referred to in section 1602(aa) [1] of this title shall be subject to all
      claims and defenses with respect to that mortgage that the consumer could assert against the creditor of the
      mortgage, unless the purchaser or assignee demonstrates, by a preponderance of the evidence, that a reasonable
      person exercising ordinary due diligence, could not determine, based on the documentation required by this
      subchapter, the itemization of the amount financed, and other disclosure of disbursements that the mortgage
      was a mortgage referred to in section 1602(aa) [1] of this title. The preceding sentence does not affect rights
      of a consumer under subsection (a), (b), or (c) of this section or any other provision of this subchapter.
      (2) Limitation on damages Notwithstanding any other provision of law, relief provided as a result of any action
      made permissible by paragraph (1) may not exceed— (A) with respect to actions based upon a violation of this
      subchapter, the amount specified in section 1640 of this title ; and (B) with respect to all other causes
      of action, the sum of—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (d) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-i
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-i
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(i)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (i): (i) the amount of all remaining indebtedness; and (ii) the total amount
    paid by the consumer in connection with the transaction. (3) Offset The amount of damages that may be awarded
    under paragraph (2)(B) shall be reduced by the amount of any damages awarded under paragraph (2)(A). (4) Notice
    Any pe…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (i) the amount of all remaining indebtedness; and (ii) the total amount paid by the consumer
      in connection with the transaction. (3) Offset The amount of damages that may be awarded under paragraph (2)(B)
      shall be reduced by the amount of any damages awarded under paragraph (2)(A). (4) Notice Any person who sells
      or otherwise assigns a mortgage referred to in section 1602(aa) 1 of this title shall include a prominent
      notice of the potential liability under this subsection as determined by the Bureau.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (i) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-e
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-e
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(e)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (e): (e) Liability of assignee for consumer credit transactions secured
    by real property (1) In general Except as otherwise specifically provided in this subchapter, any civil action
    against a creditor for a violation of this subchapter, and any proceeding under section 1607 of this title against
    a credi…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (e) Liability of assignee for consumer credit transactions secured by real property (1) In
      general Except as otherwise specifically provided in this subchapter, any civil action against a creditor
      for a violation of this subchapter, and any proceeding under section 1607 of this title against a creditor,
      with respect to a consumer credit transaction secured by real property may be maintained against any assignee
      of such creditor only if— (A) the violation for which such action or proceeding is brought is apparent on
      the face of the disclosure statement provided in connection with such transaction pursuant to this subchapter;
      and (B) the assignment to the assignee was voluntary. (2) Violation apparent on the face of the disclosure
      described For the purpose of this section, a violation is apparent on the face of the disclosure statement
      if— (A) the disclosure can be determined to be incomplete or inaccurate by a comparison among the disclosure
      statement, any itemization of the amount financed, the note, or any other disclosure of disbursement; or (B)
      the disclosure statement does not use the terms or format required to be used by this subchapter.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (e) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-f
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-f
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(f)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (f): (f) Treatment of servicer (1) In general A servicer of a consumer
    obligation arising from a consumer credit transaction shall not be treated as an assignee of such obligation
    for purposes of this section unless the servicer is or was the owner of the obligation. (2) Servicer not treated
    as owner on …'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (f) Treatment of servicer (1) In general A servicer of a consumer obligation arising from a
      consumer credit transaction shall not be treated as an assignee of such obligation for purposes of this section
      unless the servicer is or was the owner of the obligation. (2) Servicer not treated as owner on basis of assignment
      for administrative convenience A servicer of a consumer obligation arising from a consumer credit transaction
      shall not be treated as the owner of the obligation for purposes of this section on the basis of an assignment
      of the obligation from the creditor or another assignee to the servicer solely for the administrative convenience
      of the servicer in servicing the obligation. Upon written request by the obligor, the servicer shall provide
      the obligor, to the best knowledge of the servicer , with the name, address, and telephone number of the owner
      of the obligation or the master servicer of the obligation. (3) “Servicer” defined For purposes of this subsection,
      the term “ servicer ” has the same meaning as in section 2605(i)(2) of title 12 . (4) Applicability This subsection
      shall apply to all consumer credit transactions in existence or consummated on or after September 30, 1995
      .
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (f) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: tila-15usc-1641-g
  canonical_id: tila-15usc-1641-g
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1641(g)
  description: 'Liability of assignees — (g): (g) Notice of new creditor (1) In general In addition to other disclosures
    required by this subchapter, not later than 30 days after the date on which a mortgage loan is sold or otherwise
    transferred or assigned to a third party, the creditor that is the new owner or assignee of the debt shall notif…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: TILA (Truth in Lending Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1641
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1641
    snapshot_id: 9fb863c8b505f8e4
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:79ad0e68bae84a119a82dc239cb8a8742348e477bab28aaafe9d0c1569b0c477
    paragraph_quote: (g) Notice of new creditor (1) In general In addition to other disclosures required by this
      subchapter, not later than 30 days after the date on which a mortgage loan is sold or otherwise transferred
      or assigned to a third party, the creditor that is the new owner or assignee of the debt shall notify the
      borrower in writing of such transfer, including— (A) the identity, address, telephone number of the new creditor
      ; (B) the date of transfer; (C) how to reach an agent or party having authority to act on behalf of the new
      creditor ; (D) the location of the place where transfer of ownership of the debt is recorded; and (E) any
      other relevant information regarding the new creditor . (2) Definition As used in this subsection, the term
      “ mortgage loan ” means any consumer credit transaction that is secured by the principal dwelling of a consumer.
      ( Pub. L. 90–321, title I, § 131 , May 29, 1968 , 82 Stat. 157 ; Pub. L. 96–221, title VI, § 616(a) , Mar.
      31, 1980 , 94 Stat. 182 ; Pub. L. 103–325, title I, § 153(c) , Sept. 23, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2195 ; Pub. L. 104–29,
      § 7 , Sept. 30, 1995 , 109 Stat. 274 ; Pub. L. 111–22, div. A, title IV, § 404(a) , May 20, 2009 , 123 Stat.
      1658 ; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1100A(2) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2107 .) [1] See References in Text
      note below.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1641 subsection (g) from Cornell LII snapshot 9fb863c8b505f8e4;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
