source:
  type: regulation
  id: reg-z-1026.23
  authority: 12 CFR §1026.23 — Right of rescission
  description: 'Regulation Z §1026.23 governs the consumer''s right to rescind closed-end credit transactions
    secured by the consumer''s principal dwelling: notice of right, three-business-day window, delay of
    creditor''s performance, and same-creditor-refi partial exemption.'
obligations:
- id: reg-z-1026.23-a
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-a
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)
  description: '(a): (a) Consumer''s right to rescind. (1) In a credit transaction in which a security
    interest is or will be retained or acquired in a consumer ''s principal dwelling , each consumer whose
    ownership interest is or will be subject to the security interest shall have the right to rescind
    the transaction, ex…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (a) Consumer's right to rescind. (1) In a credit transaction in which a security
      interest is or will be retained or acquired in a consumer 's principal dwelling , each consumer
      whose ownership interest is or will be subject to the security interest shall have the right to
      rescind the transaction, except for transactions described in paragraph (f) of this section. For
      purposes of this section, the addition to an existing obligation of a security interest in a consumer
      's principal dwelling is a transaction. The right of rescission applies only to the addition of
      the security interest and not the existing obligation . The creditor shall deliver the notice required
      by paragraph (b) of this section but need not deliver new material disclosures. Delivery of the
      required notice shall begin the rescission period. (2) To exercise the right to rescind, the consumer
      shall notify the creditor of the rescission by mail, telegram or other means of written communication.
      Notice is considered given when mailed, when filed for telegraphic transmission or, if sent by other
      means, when delivered to the creditor's designated place of business. (3)
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(i)
  description: '(i): (i) The consumer may exercise the right to rescind until midnight of the third business
    day following consummation, delivery of the notice required by paragraph (b) of this section, or delivery
    of all material disclosures, whichever occurs last. If the required notice or material disclosures
    are not…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (i) The consumer may exercise the right to rescind until midnight of the third business
      day following consummation, delivery of the notice required by paragraph (b) of this section, or
      delivery of all material disclosures, whichever occurs last. If the required notice or material
      disclosures are not delivered, the right to rescind shall expire 3 years after consummation, upon
      transfer of all of the consumer 's interest in the property, or upon sale of the property, whichever
      occurs first. In the case of certain administrative proceedings, the rescission period shall be
      extended in accordance with section 125(f) of the Act. (ii) For purposes of this paragraph (a)(3),
      the term “material disclosures” means the required disclosures of the annual percentage rate, the
      finance charge, the amount financed, the total of payments, the payment schedule, and the disclosures
      and limitations referred to in §§ 1026.32(c) and (d) and 1026.43(g). (4) When more than one consumer
      in a transaction has the right to rescind, the exercise of the right by one consumer shall be effective
      as to all consumers.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-b
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-b
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(b)
  description: '(b): (b) (1) Notice of right to rescind. In a transaction subject to rescission, a creditor
    shall deliver two copies of the notice of the right to rescind to each consumer entitled to rescind
    (one copy to each if the notice is delivered in electronic form in accordance with the consumer consent
    and other…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(b) (1) Notice of right to rescind. In a transaction subject to rescission, a creditor
      shall deliver two copies of the notice of the right to rescind to each consumer entitled to rescind
      (one copy to each if the notice is delivered in electronic form in accordance with the consumer
      consent and other applicable provisions of the E-Sign Act). The notice shall be on a separate document
      that identifies the transaction and shall clearly and conspicuously disclose the following:'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(i)
  description: '(i): (i) The retention or acquisition of a security interest in the consumer ''s principal
    dwelling . (ii) The consumer ''s right to rescind the transaction. (iii) How to exercise the right
    to rescind, with a form for that purpose, designating the address of the creditor''s place of business.
    (iv) The effec…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (i) The retention or acquisition of a security interest in the consumer 's principal
      dwelling . (ii) The consumer 's right to rescind the transaction. (iii) How to exercise the right
      to rescind, with a form for that purpose, designating the address of the creditor's place of business.
      (iv) The effects of rescission, as described in paragraph (d) of this section.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-v
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-v
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(v)
  description: '(v): (v) The date the rescission period expires. (2) Proper form of notice. To satisfy
    the disclosure requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the creditor shall provide the appropriate
    model form in appendix H of this part or a substantially similar notice.'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (v) The date the rescission period expires. (2) Proper form of notice. To satisfy
      the disclosure requirements of paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the creditor shall provide the
      appropriate model form in appendix H of this part or a substantially similar notice.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-c
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-c
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(c)
  description: '(c): (c) Delay of creditor''s performance. Unless a consumer waives the right of rescission
    under paragraph (e) of this section, no money shall be disbursed other than in escrow, no services
    shall be performed and no materials delivered until the rescission period has expired and the creditor
    is reasonabl…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (c) Delay of creditor's performance. Unless a consumer waives the right of rescission
      under paragraph (e) of this section, no money shall be disbursed other than in escrow, no services
      shall be performed and no materials delivered until the rescission period has expired and the creditor
      is reasonably satisfied that the consumer has not rescinded.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-d
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-d
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(d)
  description: '(d): (d) Effects of rescission. (1) When a consumer rescinds a transaction, the security
    interest giving rise to the right of rescission becomes void and the consumer shall not be liable
    for any amount , including any finance charge. (2) Within 20 calendar days after receipt of a notice
    of rescission, th…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (d) Effects of rescission. (1) When a consumer rescinds a transaction, the security
      interest giving rise to the right of rescission becomes void and the consumer shall not be liable
      for any amount , including any finance charge. (2) Within 20 calendar days after receipt of a notice
      of rescission, the creditor shall return any money or property that has been given to anyone in
      connection with the transaction and shall take any action necessary to reflect the termination of
      the security interest . (3) If the creditor has delivered any money or property, the consumer may
      retain possession until the creditor has met its obligation under paragraph (d)(2) of this section.
      When the creditor has complied with that paragraph, the consumer shall tender the money or property
      to the creditor or, where the latter would be impracticable or inequitable, tender its reasonable
      value. At the consumer 's option, tender of property may be made at the location of the property
      or at the consumer 's residence. Tender of money must be made at the creditor's designated place
      of business. If the creditor does not take possession of the money or property within 20 calendar
      days after the consumer 's tender, the consumer may keep it without further obligation . (4) The
      procedures outlined in paragraphs (d)(2) and (3) of this section may be modified by court order.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-e
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-e
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(e)
  description: '(e): (e) Consumer''s waiver of right to rescind. The consumer may modify or waive the
    right to rescind if the consumer determines that the extension of credit is needed to meet a bona
    fide personal financial emergency. To modify or waive the right, the consumer shall give the creditor
    a dated written stat…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: (e) Consumer's waiver of right to rescind. The consumer may modify or waive the right
      to rescind if the consumer determines that the extension of credit is needed to meet a bona fide
      personal financial emergency. To modify or waive the right, the consumer shall give the creditor
      a dated written statement that describes the emergency, specifically modifies or waives the right
      to rescind, and bears the signature of all the consumers entitled to rescind. Printed forms for
      this purpose are prohibited.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-f
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-f
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(f)
  description: '(f): (f) Exempt transactions. The right to rescind does not apply to the following: (1)
    A residential mortgage transaction. (2) A refinancing or consolidation by the same creditor of an
    extension of credit already secured by the consumer ''s principal dwelling . The right of rescission
    shall apply, howeve…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(f) Exempt transactions. The right to rescind does not apply to the following: (1)
      A residential mortgage transaction. (2) A refinancing or consolidation by the same creditor of an
      extension of credit already secured by the consumer ''s principal dwelling . The right of rescission
      shall apply, however, to the extent the new amount financed exceeds the unpaid principal balance,
      any earned unpaid finance charge on the existing debt, and amounts attributed solely to the costs
      of the refinancing or consolidation. (3) A transaction in which a state agency is a creditor. (4)
      An advance, other than an initial advance, in a series of advances or in a series of single-payment
      obligations that is treated as a single transaction under § 1026.17(c)(6) , if the notice required
      by paragraph (b) of this section and all material disclosures have been given to the consumer .
      (5) A renewal of optional insurance premiums that is not considered a refinancing under § 1026.20(a)(5)
      .'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-g
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-g
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(g)
  description: '(g): (g) Tolerances for accuracy —(1) One-half of 1 percent tolerance. Except as provided
    in paragraphs (g)(2) and (h)(2) of this section:'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(g) Tolerances for accuracy —(1) One-half of 1 percent tolerance. Except as provided
      in paragraphs (g)(2) and (h)(2) of this section:'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(i)
  description: '(i): (i) The finance charge and other disclosures affected by the finance charge (such
    as the amount financed and the annual percentage rate) shall be considered accurate for purposes of
    this section if the disclosed finance charge: (A) Is understated by no more than 1/2 of 1 percent
    of the face amount o…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(i) The finance charge and other disclosures affected by the finance charge (such
      as the amount financed and the annual percentage rate) shall be considered accurate for purposes
      of this section if the disclosed finance charge: (A) Is understated by no more than 1/2 of 1 percent
      of the face amount of the note or $100, whichever is greater; or (B) Is greater than the amount
      required to be disclosed. (ii) The total of payments for each transaction subject to § 1026.19(e)
      and (f) shall be considered accurate for purposes of this section if the disclosed total of payments:
      (A) Is understated by no more than 1/2 of 1 percent of the face amount of the note or $100, whichever
      is greater; or (B) Is greater than the amount required to be disclosed. (2) One percent tolerance.
      In a refinancing of a residential mortgage transaction with a new creditor (other than a transaction
      covered by § 1026.32 ), if there is no new advance and no consolidation of existing loans:'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(i)
  description: '(i): (i) The finance charge and other disclosures affected by the finance charge (such
    as the amount financed and the annual percentage rate) shall be considered accurate for purposes of
    this section if the disclosed finance charge: (A) Is understated by no more than 1 percent of the
    face amount of the n…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(i) The finance charge and other disclosures affected by the finance charge (such
      as the amount financed and the annual percentage rate) shall be considered accurate for purposes
      of this section if the disclosed finance charge: (A) Is understated by no more than 1 percent of
      the face amount of the note or $100, whichever is greater; or (B) Is greater than the amount required
      to be disclosed. (ii) The total of payments for each transaction subject to § 1026.19(e) and (f)
      shall be considered accurate for purposes of this section if the disclosed total of payments: (A)
      Is understated by no more than 1 percent of the face amount of the note or $100, whichever is greater;
      or (B) Is greater than the amount required to be disclosed.'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-h
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-h
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(h)
  description: '(h): (h) Special rules for foreclosures —(1) Right to rescind. After the initiation of
    foreclosure on the consumer ''s principal dwelling that secures the credit obligation , the consumer
    shall have the right to rescind the transaction if:'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(h) Special rules for foreclosures —(1) Right to rescind. After the initiation of
      foreclosure on the consumer ''s principal dwelling that secures the credit obligation , the consumer
      shall have the right to rescind the transaction if:'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(i)
  description: '(i): (i) A mortgage broker fee that should have been included in the finance charge was
    not included; or (ii) The creditor did not provide the properly completed appropriate model form in
    appendix H of this part, or a substantially similar notice of rescission. (2) Tolerance for disclosures.
    After the in…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(i) A mortgage broker fee that should have been included in the finance charge was
      not included; or (ii) The creditor did not provide the properly completed appropriate model form
      in appendix H of this part, or a substantially similar notice of rescission. (2) Tolerance for disclosures.
      After the initiation of foreclosure on the consumer ''s principal dwelling that secures the credit
      obligation:'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  canonical_id: reg-z-1026.23-i
  section: 12 CFR §1026.23(i)
  description: '(i): (i) The finance charge and other disclosures affected by the finance charge (such
    as the amount financed and the annual percentage rate) shall be considered accurate for purposes of
    this section if the disclosed finance charge: (A) Is understated by no more than $35; or (B) Is greater
    than the amoun…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - cfpb-regulation
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 CFR §1026.23(a)(1)
    source_class: cfpb-regulation
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/12/1026.23
    snapshot_id: b94eff3c398144fc
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:22:22Z'
    content_hash: sha256:8715715d6071d2c059d829859562b62b55c9e9c93d8eec25af54abc937a515cc
    paragraph_quote: '(i) The finance charge and other disclosures affected by the finance charge (such
      as the amount financed and the annual percentage rate) shall be considered accurate for purposes
      of this section if the disclosed finance charge: (A) Is understated by no more than $35; or (B)
      Is greater than the amount required to be disclosed. (ii) The total of payments for each transaction
      subject to § 1026.19(e) and (f) shall be considered accurate for purposes of this section if the
      disclosed total of payments: (A) Is understated by no more than $35; or (B) Is greater than the
      amount required to be disclosed. [ 76 FR 79772 , Dec. 22, 2011, as amended at 78 FR 30745 , May
      23, 2013; 78 FR 60440 , Oct. 1, 2013; 82 FR 37769 , Aug. 11, 2017] CFR Toolbox Law about... Articles
      from Wex Table of Popular Names Parallel Table of Authorities Accessibility About LII Contact us
      Advertise here Help Terms of use Privacy'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 CFR §1026.23 from Cornell LII snapshot b94eff3c398144fc;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
