source:
  type: regulation
  id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325
  authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325 — Confirmation of plan
  description: 'Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.), §1325 Confirmation of plan. Captured section-complete from Cornell
    LII (verbatim).

    '
obligations:
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-a
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-a
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1325(a)
  description: 'Confirmation of plan — (a): (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the court shall confirm a
    plan if— (1) The plan complies with the provisions of this chapter and with the other applicable provisions
    of this title; (2) any fee, charge, or amount required under chapter 123 of title 28, or by the plan, to be
    paid before conf…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1325
    snapshot_id: bd4ab7ea385eb4d7
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:c4b293c2780ace78a3932e994fb3999d730830b809e57a2fd4ce9c0c0055ae7f
    paragraph_quote: (a) Except as provided in subsection (b), the court shall confirm a plan if— (1) The plan complies
      with the provisions of this chapter and with the other applicable provisions of this title; (2) any fee, charge,
      or amount required under chapter 123 of title 28, or by the plan, to be paid before confirmation, has been
      paid; (3) the plan has been proposed in good faith and not by any means forbidden by law; (4) the value, as
      of the effective date of the plan, of property to be distributed under the plan on account of each allowed
      unsecured claim is not less than the amount that would be paid on such claim if the estate of the debtor were
      liquidated under chapter 7 of this title on such date; (5) with respect to each allowed secured claim provided
      for by the plan— (A) the holder of such claim has accepted the plan; (B)
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1325 subsection (a) from Cornell LII snapshot bd4ab7ea385eb4d7;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1325(i)
  description: 'Confirmation of plan — (i): (i) the plan provides that— (I) the holder of such claim retain the
    lien securing such claim until the earlier of— (aa) the payment of the underlying debt determined under nonbankruptcy
    law; or (bb) discharge under section 1328; and (II) if the case under this chapter is dismissed or converted
    witho…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1325
    snapshot_id: bd4ab7ea385eb4d7
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:c4b293c2780ace78a3932e994fb3999d730830b809e57a2fd4ce9c0c0055ae7f
    paragraph_quote: (i) the plan provides that— (I) the holder of such claim retain the lien securing such claim
      until the earlier of— (aa) the payment of the underlying debt determined under nonbankruptcy law; or (bb)
      discharge under section 1328; and (II) if the case under this chapter is dismissed or converted without completion
      of the plan, such lien shall also be retained by such holder to the extent recognized by applicable nonbankruptcy
      law; (ii) the value, as of the effective date of the plan, of property to be distributed under the plan on
      account of such claim is not less than the allowed amount of such claim; and (iii) if— (I) property to be
      distributed pursuant to this subsection is in the form of periodic payments, such payments shall be in equal
      monthly amounts; and (II) the holder of the claim is secured by personal property, the amount of such payments
      shall not be less than an amount sufficient to provide to the holder of such claim adequate protection during
      the period of the plan; or (C) the debtor surrenders the property securing such claim to such holder; (6)
      the debtor will be able to make all payments under the plan and to comply with the plan; (7) the action of
      the debtor in filing the petition was in good faith; (8) the debtor has paid all amounts that are required
      to be paid under a domestic support obligation and that first become payable after the date of the filing
      of the petition if the debtor is required by a judicial or administrative order, or by statute, to pay such
      domestic support obligation; and (9) the debtor has filed all applicable Federal, State, and local tax returns
      as required by section 1308. For purposes of paragraph (5), section 506 shall not apply to a claim described
      in that paragraph if the creditor has a purchase money security interest securing the debt that is the subject
      of the claim, the debt was incurred within the 910-day period preceding the date of the filing of the petition,
      and the collateral for that debt consists of a motor vehicle (as defined in section 30102 of title 49 ) acquired
      for the personal use of the debtor, or if collateral for that debt consists of any other thing of value, if
      the debt was incurred during the 1-year period preceding that filing.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1325 subsection (i) from Cornell LII snapshot bd4ab7ea385eb4d7;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-b
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-b
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1325(b)
  description: 'Confirmation of plan — (b): (b) (1) If the trustee or the holder of an allowed unsecured claim objects
    to the confirmation of the plan, then the court may not approve the plan unless, as of the effective date of
    the plan— (A) the value of the property to be distributed under the plan on account of such claim is not less
    than t…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1325
    snapshot_id: bd4ab7ea385eb4d7
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:c4b293c2780ace78a3932e994fb3999d730830b809e57a2fd4ce9c0c0055ae7f
    paragraph_quote: (b) (1) If the trustee or the holder of an allowed unsecured claim objects to the confirmation
      of the plan, then the court may not approve the plan unless, as of the effective date of the plan— (A) the
      value of the property to be distributed under the plan on account of such claim is not less than the amount
      of such claim; or (B) the plan provides that all of the debtor’s projected disposable income to be received
      in the applicable commitment period beginning on the date that the first payment is due under the plan will
      be applied to make payments to unsecured creditors under the plan. (2) For purposes of this subsection, the
      term “ disposable income ” means current monthly income received by the debtor (other than child support payments,
      foster care payments, or disability payments for a dependent child made in accordance with applicable nonbankruptcy
      law to the extent reasonably necessary to be expended for such child) less amounts reasonably necessary to
      be expended— (A)
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1325 subsection (b) from Cornell LII snapshot bd4ab7ea385eb4d7;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1325(i)
  description: 'Confirmation of plan — (i): (i) for the maintenance or support of the debtor or a dependent of the
    debtor, or for a domestic support obligation, that first becomes payable after the date the petition is filed;
    and (ii) for charitable contributions (that meet the definition of “charitable contribution” under section 548(d)(3))
    …'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1325
    snapshot_id: bd4ab7ea385eb4d7
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:c4b293c2780ace78a3932e994fb3999d730830b809e57a2fd4ce9c0c0055ae7f
    paragraph_quote: (i) for the maintenance or support of the debtor or a dependent of the debtor, or for a domestic
      support obligation, that first becomes payable after the date the petition is filed; and (ii) for charitable
      contributions (that meet the definition of “charitable contribution” under section 548(d)(3)) to a qualified
      religious or charitable entity or organization (as defined in section 548(d)(4)) in an amount not to exceed
      15 percent of gross income of the debtor for the year in which the contributions are made; and (B) if the
      debtor is engaged in business, for the payment of expenditures necessary for the continuation, preservation,
      and operation of such business. (3) Amounts reasonably necessary to be expended under paragraph (2), other
      than subparagraph (A)(ii) of paragraph (2), shall be determined in accordance with subparagraphs (A) and (B)
      of section 707(b)(2), if the debtor has current monthly income, when multiplied by 12, greater than— (A) in
      the case of a debtor in a household of 1 person, the median family income of the applicable State for 1 earner;
      (B) in the case of a debtor in a household of 2, 3, or 4 individuals, the highest median family income of
      the applicable State for a family of the same number or fewer individuals; or (C) in the case of a debtor
      in a household exceeding 4 individuals, the highest median family income of the applicable State for a family
      of 4 or fewer individuals, plus $525 [1] per month for each individual in excess of 4. (4) For purposes of
      this subsection, the “applicable commitment period”— (A) subject to subparagraph (B), shall be—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1325 subsection (i) from Cornell LII snapshot bd4ab7ea385eb4d7;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1325(i)
  description: 'Confirmation of plan — (i): (i) 3 years; or (ii) not less than 5 years, if the current monthly income
    of the debtor and the debtor’s spouse combined, when multiplied by 12, is not less than— (I) in the case of
    a debtor in a household of 1 person, the median family income of the applicable State for 1 earner; (II) in
    the case o…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1325
    snapshot_id: bd4ab7ea385eb4d7
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:c4b293c2780ace78a3932e994fb3999d730830b809e57a2fd4ce9c0c0055ae7f
    paragraph_quote: (i) 3 years; or (ii) not less than 5 years, if the current monthly income of the debtor and
      the debtor’s spouse combined, when multiplied by 12, is not less than— (I) in the case of a debtor in a household
      of 1 person, the median family income of the applicable State for 1 earner; (II) in the case of a debtor in
      a household of 2, 3, or 4 individuals, the highest median family income of the applicable State for a family
      of the same number or fewer individuals; or (III) in the case of a debtor in a household exceeding 4 individuals,
      the highest median family income of the applicable State for a family of 4 or fewer individuals, plus $525
      1 per month for each individual in excess of 4; and (B) may be less than 3 or 5 years, whichever is applicable
      under subparagraph (A), but only if the plan provides for payment in full of all allowed unsecured claims
      over a shorter period.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1325 subsection (i) from Cornell LII snapshot bd4ab7ea385eb4d7;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-c
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1325-c
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1325(c)
  description: 'Confirmation of plan — (c): (c) After confirmation of a plan, the court may order any entity from
    whom the debtor receives income to pay all or any part of such income to the trustee. ( Pub. L. 95–598 , Nov.
    6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2649 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III , §§ 317, 530, July 10, 1984 , 98 Stat. 356 , 389; Pub.
    L. 99–554, t…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1325
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1325
    snapshot_id: bd4ab7ea385eb4d7
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:c4b293c2780ace78a3932e994fb3999d730830b809e57a2fd4ce9c0c0055ae7f
    paragraph_quote: (c) After confirmation of a plan, the court may order any entity from whom the debtor receives
      income to pay all or any part of such income to the trustee. ( Pub. L. 95–598 , Nov. 6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2649
      ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III , §§ 317, 530, July 10, 1984 , 98 Stat. 356 , 389; Pub. L. 99–554, title II, §
      283(y) , Oct. 27, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3118 ; Pub. L. 105–183, § 4(a) , June 19, 1998 , 112 Stat. 518 ; Pub. L.
      109–8, title I, § 102(g) , (h), title II, § 213(10), title III, §§ 306(a), (b), 309(c)(1), 318(2), (3), title
      VII, § 716(a), Apr. 20, 2005 , 119 Stat. 33 , 53, 80, 83, 93, 129; Pub. L. 109–439, § 2 , Dec. 20, 2006 ,
      120 Stat. 3285 ; Pub. L. 111–327, § 2(a)(44) , Dec. 22, 2010 , 124 Stat. 3562 ; Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title
      I, § 1113(b)(1)(B) , (2)(A)(ii), Mar. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 311 , 312; Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title III,
      § 320(e) , (f)(2)(A)(v), Dec. 27, 2020 , 134 Stat. 2016 , 2017.) [1] See Adjustment of Dollar Amounts notes
      below. Historical and Revision Notes legislative statements Section 1325(a)(5)(B) of the House amendment modifies
      the House bill and Senate amendment to significantly protect secured creditors in chapter 13. Unless the secured
      creditor accepts the plan, the plan must provide that the secured creditor retain the lien securing the creditor’s
      allowed secured claim in addition to receiving value, as of the effective date of the plan of property to
      be distributed under the plan on account of the claim not less than the allowed amount of the claim. To this
      extent, a secured creditor in a case under chapter 13 is treated identically with a recourse creditor under
      section 1111(b)(1) of the House amendment except that the secured creditor in a case under chapter 13 may
      receive any property of a value as of the effective date of the plan equal to the allowed amount of the creditor’s
      secured claim rather than being restricted to receiving deferred cash payments. Of course, the secured creditors’
      lien only secures the value of the collateral and to the extent property is distributed of a present value
      equal to the allowed amount of the creditor’s secured claim the creditor’s lien will have been satisfied in
      full. Thus the lien created under section 1325(a)(5)(B)(i) is effective only to secure deferred payments to
      the extent of the amount of the allowed secured claim. To the extent the deferred payments exceed the value
      of the allowed amount of the secured claim and the debtor subsequently defaults, the lien will not secure
      unaccrued interest represented in such deferred payments. senate report no. 95–989 The bankruptcy court must
      confirm a plan if (1) the plan satisfies the provisions of chapter 13 and other applicable provisions of title
      11; (2) it is proposed in good faith; (3) it is in the best interests of creditors, and defined by subsection
      (a)(4) of Section 1325; (4) it has been accepted by the holder of each allowed secured claim provided for
      the plan or where the holder of any such secured claim is to receive value under the plan not less than the
      amount of the allowed secured claim, or where the debtor surrenders to the holder the collateral securing
      any such allowed secured claim; (5) the plan is feasible; and (6) the requisite fees and charges have been
      paid. Subsection (b) authorizes the court to order an entity, as defined by Section 101(15), to pay any income
      of the debtor to the trustee. Any governmental unit is an entity subject to such an order.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1325 subsection (c) from Cornell LII snapshot bd4ab7ea385eb4d7;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
