source:
  type: regulation
  id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328
  authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328 — Discharge
  description: 'Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.), §1328 Discharge. Captured section-complete from Cornell LII (verbatim).

    '
obligations:
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-a
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-a
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(a)
  description: 'Discharge — (a): (a) Subject to subsection (d), as soon as practicable after completion by the debtor
    of all payments under the plan, and in the case of a debtor who is required by a judicial or administrative
    order, or by statute, to pay a domestic support obligation, after such debtor certifies that all amounts pa…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (a) Subject to subsection (d), as soon as practicable after completion by the debtor of all
      payments under the plan, and in the case of a debtor who is required by a judicial or administrative order,
      or by statute, to pay a domestic support obligation, after such debtor certifies that all amounts payable
      under such order or such statute that are due on or before the date of the certification (including amounts
      due before the petition was filed, but only to the extent provided for by the plan) have been paid, unless
      the court approves a written waiver of discharge executed by the debtor after the order for relief under this
      chapter, the court shall grant the debtor a discharge of all debts provided for by the plan or disallowed
      under section 502 of this title , except any debt— (1) provided for under section 1322(b)(5); (2) of the kind
      specified in section 507(a)(8)(C) or in paragraph (1)(B), (1)(C), (2), (3), (4), (5), (8), or (9) of section
      523(a); (3) for restitution, or a criminal fine, included in a sentence on the debtor’s conviction of a crime;
      or (4) for restitution, or damages, awarded in a civil action against the debtor as a result of willful or
      malicious injury by the debtor that caused personal injury to an individual or the death of an individual.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (a) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-b
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-b
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(b)
  description: 'Discharge — (b): (b) Subject to subsection (d), at any time after the confirmation of the plan and
    after notice and a hearing, the court may grant a discharge to a debtor that has not completed payments under
    the plan only if— (1) the debtor’s failure to complete such payments is due to circumstances for which the d…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (b) Subject to subsection (d), at any time after the confirmation of the plan and after notice
      and a hearing, the court may grant a discharge to a debtor that has not completed payments under the plan
      only if— (1) the debtor’s failure to complete such payments is due to circumstances for which the debtor should
      not justly be held accountable; (2) the value, as of the effective date of the plan, of property actually
      distributed under the plan on account of each allowed unsecured claim is not less than the amount that would
      have been paid on such claim if the estate of the debtor had been liquidated under chapter 7 of this title
      on such date; and (3) modification of the plan under section 1329 of this title is not practicable.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (b) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-c
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-c
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(c)
  description: 'Discharge — (c): (c) A discharge granted under subsection (b) of this section discharges the debtor
    from all unsecured debts provided for by the plan or disallowed under section 502 of this title , except any
    debt— (1) provided for under section 1322(b)(5) of this title ; or (2) of a kind specified in section 523(a)…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (c) A discharge granted under subsection (b) of this section discharges the debtor from all
      unsecured debts provided for by the plan or disallowed under section 502 of this title , except any debt—
      (1) provided for under section 1322(b)(5) of this title ; or (2) of a kind specified in section 523(a) of
      this title .
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (c) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-d
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-d
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(d)
  description: 'Discharge — (d): (d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a discharge granted under
    this section does not discharge the debtor from any debt based on an allowed claim filed under section 1305(a)(2)
    of this title if prior approval by the trustee of the debtor’s incurring such debt was practicable and …'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, a discharge granted under this section
      does not discharge the debtor from any debt based on an allowed claim filed under section 1305(a)(2) of this
      title if prior approval by the trustee of the debtor’s incurring such debt was practicable and was not obtained.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (d) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-e
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-e
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(e)
  description: 'Discharge — (e): (e) On request of a party in interest before one year after a discharge under this
    section is granted, and after notice and a hearing, the court may revoke such discharge only if— (1) such discharge
    was obtained by the debtor through fraud; and (2) the requesting party did not know of such fraud unt…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (e) On request of a party in interest before one year after a discharge under this section
      is granted, and after notice and a hearing, the court may revoke such discharge only if— (1) such discharge
      was obtained by the debtor through fraud; and (2) the requesting party did not know of such fraud until after
      such discharge was granted.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (e) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-f
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-f
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(f)
  description: 'Discharge — (f): (f) Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), the court shall not grant a discharge
    of all debts provided for in the plan or disallowed under section 502, if the debtor has received a discharge—
    (1) in a case filed under chapter 7 , 11 , or 12 of this title during the 4-year period preceding the date…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (f) Notwithstanding subsections (a) and (b), the court shall not grant a discharge of all debts
      provided for in the plan or disallowed under section 502, if the debtor has received a discharge— (1) in a
      case filed under chapter 7 , 11 , or 12 of this title during the 4-year period preceding the date of the order
      for relief under this chapter, or (2) in a case filed under chapter 13 of this title during the 2-year period
      preceding the date of such order.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (f) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-g
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-g
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(g)
  description: 'Discharge — (g): (g) (1) The court shall not grant a discharge under this section to a debtor unless
    after filing a petition the debtor has completed an instructional course concerning personal financial management
    described in section 111. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a debtor who is a person d…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (g) (1) The court shall not grant a discharge under this section to a debtor unless after filing
      a petition the debtor has completed an instructional course concerning personal financial management described
      in section 111. (2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply with respect to a debtor who is a person described in section
      109(h)(4) or who resides in a district for which the United States trustee (or the bankruptcy administrator,
      if any) determines that the approved instructional courses are not adequate to service the additional individuals
      who would otherwise be required to complete such instructional course by reason of the requirements of paragraph
      (1). (3) The United States trustee (or the bankruptcy administrator, if any) who makes a determination described
      in paragraph (2) shall review such determination not later than 1 year after the date of such determination,
      and not less frequently than annually thereafter.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (g) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-h
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-1328-h
  section: 11 U.S.C. §1328(h)
  description: 'Discharge — (h): (h) The court may not grant a discharge under this chapter unless the court after
    notice and a hearing held not more than 10 days before the date of the entry of the order granting the discharge
    finds that there is no reasonable cause to believe that— (1) section 522(q)(1) may be applicable to the d…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: Bankruptcy Code (11 U.S.C.) § 1328
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/1328
    snapshot_id: 73cb68741312006d
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:f2e8045edc41c4165f56df8c33fe3dbccac202d449bde77f1470fa60abd2fefe
    paragraph_quote: (h) The court may not grant a discharge under this chapter unless the court after notice and
      a hearing held not more than 10 days before the date of the entry of the order granting the discharge finds
      that there is no reasonable cause to believe that— (1) section 522(q)(1) may be applicable to the debtor;
      and (2) there is pending any proceeding in which the debtor may be found guilty of a felony of the kind described
      in section 522(q)(1)(A) or liable for a debt of the kind described in section 522(q)(1)(B). ( Pub. L. 95–598
      , Nov. 6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2650 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title III, § 532 , July 10, 1984 , 98 Stat. 389 ; Pub. L.
      101–508, title III, § 3007(b)(1) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–28 ; Pub. L. 101–581 , §§ 2(b), 3, Nov. 15,
      1990 , 104 Stat. 2865 ; Pub. L. 101–647, title XXXI , §§ 3102(b), 3103, Nov. 29, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4916 ; Pub.
      L. 103–394, title III, § 302 , title V, § 501(d)(38), Oct. 22, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4132 , 4147; Pub. L. 109–8,
      title I, § 106(c) , title II, § 213(11), title III, §§ 312(2), 314(b), 330(d), title VII, § 707, Apr. 20,
      2005 , 119 Stat. 38 , 53, 87, 88, 102, 126; Pub. L. 116–260, div. FF, title X, § 1001(b) , Dec. 27, 2020 ,
      134 Stat. 3217 .) Historical and Revision Notes legislative statements Section 1328(a) adopts a provision
      contained in the Senate amendment permitting the court to approve a waiver of discharge by the debtor. It
      is anticipated that such a waiver must be in writing executed after the order for relief in a case under chapter
      13. senate report no. 95–989 The court is to enter a discharge, unless waived, as soon as practicable after
      completion of payments under the plan. The debtor is to be discharged of all debts provided for by the plan
      or disallowed under section 502, except a debt provided for under the plan the last payment on which was not
      due until after the completion of the plan, or a debt incurred for willful and malicious conversion of or
      injury to the property or person of another. Subsection (b) is the successor to Bankruptcy Act Section 661
      [section 1061 of former title 11]. This subsection permits the bankruptcy judge to grant the debtor a discharge
      at any time after confirmation of a plan, if the court determines, after notice and hearing, that the failure
      to complete payments under the plan is due to circumstances for which the debtor should not justly be held
      accountable, the distributions made to each creditor under the plan equal in value the amount that would have
      been paid to the creditor had the estate been liquidated under chapter 7 of title 11 at the date of the hearing
      under this subsection, and that modification of the plan is impracticable. The discharge granted under subsection
      (b) relieves the debtor from all unsecured debts provided for by the plan or disallowed under section 502,
      except nondischargeable debts described in section 523(a) of title 11 or debts of the type covered by section
      1322(b)(5). Subsection (d) excepts from any chapter 13 discharge a debt based on an allowed section 1305(a)(2)
      postpetition claim, if prior trustee approval of the incurring of the debt was practicable but was not obtained.
      A chapter 13 discharge obtained through fraud and before the moving party gained knowledge of the fraud may
      be revoked by the court under subsection (e), after notice and hearing, at the request of any party in interest
      made within 1 year after the discharge was granted.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 11 U.S.C. §1328 subsection (h) from Cornell LII snapshot 73cb68741312006d;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
