source:
  type: regulation
  id: bankruptcy-11usc-362
  authority: 11 U.S.C. §362 — Automatic stay
  description: '11 U.S.C. §362 imposes the automatic stay upon the filing of a bankruptcy

    petition under §§301, 302, or 303; defines exceptions to the stay; sets

    the standards and procedures for relief from stay; and provides remedies

    for willful violation. For mortgage servicers, §362 is the load-bearing

    federal constraint on collection, foreclosure, and lien-enforcement

    activity once a borrower files for bankruptcy.

    '
obligations:
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-a
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-a
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
  description: '(a): (a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a petition filed under
    section 301 , 302 , or 303 of this title, or an application filed under section 5(a)(3) of the Securities
    Investor Protection Act of 1970 , operates as a stay, applicable to all entities, of— (1) the commencement
    or con…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (a) Except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a petition filed under
      section 301 , 302 , or 303 of this title, or an application filed under section 5(a)(3) of the Securities
      Investor Protection Act of 1970 , operates as a stay, applicable to all entities, of— (1) the commencement
      or continuation, including the issuance or employment of process, of a judicial, administrative,
      or other action or proceeding against the debtor that was or could have been commenced before the
      commencement of the case under this title, or to recover a claim against the debtor that arose before
      the commencement of the case under this title; (2) the enforcement, against the debtor or against
      property of the estate, of a judgment obtained before the commencement of the case under this title;
      (3) any act to obtain possession of property of the estate or of property from the estate or to
      exercise control over property of the estate; (4) any act to create, perfect, or enforce any lien
      against property of the estate; (5) any act to create, perfect, or enforce against property of the
      debtor any lien to the extent that such lien secures a claim that arose before the commencement
      of the case under this title; (6) any act to collect, assess, or recover a claim against the debtor
      that arose before the commencement of the case under this title; (7) the setoff of any debt owing
      to the debtor that arose before the commencement of the case under this title against any claim
      against the debtor; and (8) the commencement or continuation of a proceeding before the United States
      Tax Court concerning a tax liability of a debtor that is a corporation for a taxable period the
      bankruptcy court may determine or concerning the tax liability of a debtor who is an individual
      for a taxable period ending before the date of the order for relief under this title.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-b
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-b
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(b)
  description: '(b): (b) The filing of a petition under section 301 , 302 , or 303 of this title, or of
    an application under section 5(a)(3) of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 , does not
    operate as a stay— (1) under subsection (a) of this section, of the commencement or continuation of
    a criminal action o…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (b) The filing of a petition under section 301 , 302 , or 303 of this title, or of
      an application under section 5(a)(3) of the Securities Investor Protection Act of 1970 , does not
      operate as a stay— (1) under subsection (a) of this section, of the commencement or continuation
      of a criminal action or proceeding against the debtor; (2) under subsection (a)— (A) of the commencement
      or continuation of a civil action or proceeding—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) for the establishment of paternity; (ii) for the establishment or modification
    of an order for domestic support obligations; (iii) concerning child custody or visitation; (iv) for
    the dissolution of a marriage, except to the extent that such proceeding seeks to determine the division
    of property…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) for the establishment of paternity; (ii) for the establishment or modification
      of an order for domestic support obligations; (iii) concerning child custody or visitation; (iv)
      for the dissolution of a marriage, except to the extent that such proceeding seeks to determine
      the division of property that is property of the estate; or
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-v
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-v
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(v)
  description: '(v): (v) regarding domestic violence; (B) of the collection of a domestic support obligation
    from property that is not property of the estate; (C) with respect to the withholding of income that
    is property of the estate or property of the debtor for payment of a domestic support obligation under
    a judici…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (v) regarding domestic violence; (B) of the collection of a domestic support obligation
      from property that is not property of the estate; (C) with respect to the withholding of income
      that is property of the estate or property of the debtor for payment of a domestic support obligation
      under a judicial or administrative order or a statute; (D) of the withholding, suspension, or restriction
      of a driver’s license, a professional or occupational license, or a recreational license, under
      State law, as specified in section 466(a)(16) of the Social Security Act ; (E) of the reporting
      of overdue support owed by a parent to any consumer reporting agency as specified in section 466(a)(7)
      of the Social Security Act ; (F) of the interception of a tax refund, as specified in sections 464
      and 466(a)(3) of the Social Security Act or under an analogous State law; or (G) of the enforcement
      of a medical obligation, as specified under title IV of the Social Security Act ; (3) under subsection
      (a) of this section, of any act to perfect, or to maintain or continue the perfection of, an interest
      in property to the extent that the trustee’s rights and powers are subject to such perfection under
      section 546(b) of this title or to the extent that such act is accomplished within the period provided
      under section 547(e)(2)(A) of this title ; (4) under paragraph (1), (2), (3), or (6) of subsection
      (a) of this section, of the commencement or continuation of an action or proceeding by a governmental
      unit or any organization exercising authority under the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development,
      Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction, opened for signature
      on January 13, 1993 , to enforce such governmental unit’s or organization’s police and regulatory
      power, including the enforcement of a judgment other than a money judgment, obtained in an action
      or proceeding by the governmental unit to enforce such governmental unit’s or organization’s police
      or regulatory power; [(5) Repealed. Pub. L. 105–277, div. I, title VI, § 603(1) , Oct. 21, 1998
      , 112 Stat. 2681–866 ;] (6) under subsection (a) of this section, of the exercise by a commodity
      broker, forward contract merchant, stockbroker, financial institution, financial participant, or
      securities clearing agency of any contractual right (as defined in section 555 or 556 ) under any
      security agreement or arrangement or other credit enhancement forming a part of or related to any
      commodity contract, forward contract or securities contract, or of any contractual right (as defined
      in section 555 or 556) to offset or net out any termination value, payment amount, or other transfer
      obligation arising under or in connection with 1 or more such contracts, including any master agreement
      for such contracts; (7) under subsection (a) of this section, of the exercise by a repo participant
      or financial participant of any contractual right (as defined in section 559 ) under any security
      agreement or arrangement or other credit enhancement forming a part of or related to any repurchase
      agreement, or of any contractual right (as defined in section 559) to offset or net out any termination
      value, payment amount, or other transfer obligation arising under or in connection with 1 or more
      such agreements, including any master agreement for such agreements; (8) under subsection (a) of
      this section, of the commencement of any action by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
      to foreclose a mortgage or deed of trust in any case in which the mortgage or deed of trust held
      by the Secretary is insured or was formerly insured under the National Housing Act and covers property,
      or combinations of property, consisting of five or more living units; (9) under subsection (a),
      of— (A) an audit by a governmental unit to determine tax liability; (B) the issuance to the debtor
      by a governmental unit of a notice of tax deficiency; (C) a demand for tax returns; or (D) the making
      of an assessment for any tax and issuance of a notice and demand for payment of such an assessment
      (but any tax lien that would otherwise attach to property of the estate by reason of such an assessment
      shall not take effect unless such tax is a debt of the debtor that will not be discharged in the
      case and such property or its proceeds are transferred out of the estate to, or otherwise revested
      in, the debtor). (10) under subsection (a) of this section, of any act by a lessor to the debtor
      under a lease of nonresidential real property that has terminated by the expiration of the stated
      term of the lease before the commencement of or during a case under this title to obtain possession
      of such property; (11) under subsection (a) of this section, of the presentment of a negotiable
      instrument and the giving of notice of and protesting dishonor of such an instrument; (12) under
      subsection (a) of this section, after the date which is 90 days after the filing of such petition,
      of the commencement or continuation, and conclusion to the entry of final judgment, of an action
      which involves a debtor subject to reorganization pursuant to chapter 11 of this title and which
      was brought by the Secretary of Transportation under section 31325 of title 46 (including distribution
      of any proceeds of sale) to foreclose a preferred ship or fleet mortgage, or a security interest
      in or relating to a vessel or vessel under construction, held by the Secretary of Transportation
      under chapter 537 of title 46 or section 109(h) of title 49 , or under applicable State law; (13)
      under subsection (a) of this section, after the date which is 90 days after the filing of such petition,
      of the commencement or continuation, and conclusion to the entry of final judgment, of an action
      which involves a debtor subject to reorganization pursuant to chapter 11 of this title and which
      was brought by the Secretary of Commerce under section 31325 of title 46 (including distribution
      of any proceeds of sale) to foreclose a preferred ship or fleet mortgage in a vessel or a mortgage,
      deed of trust, or other security interest in a fishing facility held by the Secretary of Commerce
      under chapter 537 of title 46; (14) under subsection (a) of this section, of any action by an accrediting
      agency regarding the accreditation status of the debtor as an educational institution; (15) under
      subsection (a) of this section, of any action by a State licensing body regarding the licensure
      of the debtor as an educational institution; (16) under subsection (a) of this section, of any action
      by a guaranty agency, as defined in section 435(j) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 or the Secretary
      of Education regarding the eligibility of the debtor to participate in programs authorized under
      such Act; (17) under subsection (a) of this section, of the exercise by a swap participant or financial
      participant of any contractual right (as defined in section 560 ) under any security agreement or
      arrangement or other credit enhancement forming a part of or related to any swap agreement, or of
      any contractual right (as defined in section 560) to offset or net out any termination value, payment
      amount, or other transfer obligation arising under or in connection with 1 or more such agreements,
      including any master agreement for such agreements; (18) under subsection (a) of the creation or
      perfection of a statutory lien for an ad valorem property tax, or a special tax or special assessment
      on real property whether or not ad valorem, imposed by a governmental unit, if such tax or assessment
      comes due after the date of the filing of the petition; (19) under subsection (a), of withholding
      of income from a debtor’s wages and collection of amounts withheld, under the debtor’s agreement
      authorizing that withholding and collection for the benefit of a pension, profit-sharing, stock
      bonus, or other plan established under section 401, 403, 408, 408A, 414, 457, or 501(c) of the Internal
      Revenue Code of 1986 , that is sponsored by the employer of the debtor, or an affiliate, successor,
      or predecessor of such employer— (A) to the extent that the amounts withheld and collected are used
      solely for payments relating to a loan from a plan under section 408(b)(1) of the Employee Retirement
      Income Security Act of 1974 or is subject to section 72(p) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986
      ; or (B) a loan from a thrift savings plan permitted under subchapter III of chapter 84 of title
      5, that satisfies the requirements of section 8433(g) of such title; but nothing in this paragraph
      may be construed to provide that any loan made under a governmental plan under section 414(d), or
      a contract or account under section 403(b), of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 constitutes a claim
      or a debt under this title; (20) under subsection (a), of any act to enforce any lien against or
      security interest in real property following entry of the order under subsection (d)(4) as to such
      real property in any prior case under this title, for a period of 2 years after the date of the
      entry of such an order, except that the debtor, in a subsequent case under this title, may move
      for relief from such order based upon changed circumstances or for other good cause shown, after
      notice and a hearing; (21) under subsection (a), of any act to enforce any lien against or security
      interest in real property— (A) if the debtor is ineligible under section 109(g) to be a debtor in
      a case under this title; or (B) if the case under this title was filed in violation of a bankruptcy
      court order in a prior case under this title prohibiting the debtor from being a debtor in another
      case under this title; (22) subject to subsection (l), under subsection (a)(3), of the continuation
      of any eviction, unlawful detainer action, or similar proceeding by a lessor against a debtor involving
      residential property in which the debtor resides as a tenant under a lease or rental agreement and
      with respect to which the lessor has obtained before the date of the filing of the bankruptcy petition,
      a judgment for possession of such property against the debtor; (23) subject to subsection (m), under
      subsection (a)(3), of an eviction action that seeks possession of the residential property in which
      the debtor resides as a tenant under a lease or rental agreement based on endangerment of such property
      or the illegal use of controlled substances on such property, but only if the lessor files with
      the court, and serves upon the debtor, a certification under penalty of perjury that such an eviction
      action has been filed, or that the debtor, during the 30-day period preceding the date of the filing
      of the certification, has endangered property or illegally used or allowed to be used a controlled
      substance on the property; (24) under subsection (a), of any transfer that is not avoidable under
      section 544 and that is not avoidable under section 549; (25) under subsection (a), of— (A) the
      commencement or continuation of an investigation or action by a securities self regulatory organization
      to enforce such organization’s regulatory power; (B) the enforcement of an order or decision, other
      than for monetary sanctions, obtained in an action by such securities self regulatory organization
      to enforce such organization’s regulatory power; or (C) any act taken by such securities self regulatory
      organization to delist, delete, or refuse to permit quotation of any stock that does not meet applicable
      regulatory requirements; (26) under subsection (a), of the setoff under applicable nonbankruptcy
      law of an income tax refund, by a governmental unit, with respect to a taxable period that ended
      before the date of the order for relief against an income tax liability for a taxable period that
      also ended before the date of the order for relief, except that in any case in which the setoff
      of an income tax refund is not permitted under applicable nonbankruptcy law because of a pending
      action to determine the amount or legality of a tax liability, the governmental unit may hold the
      refund pending the resolution of the action, unless the court, on the motion of the trustee and
      after notice and a hearing, grants the taxing authority adequate protection (within the meaning
      of section 361 ) for the secured claim of such authority in the setoff under section 506(a); (27)
      under subsection (a) of this section, of the exercise by a master netting agreement participant
      of any contractual right (as defined in section 555 , 556 , 559 , or 560 ) under any security agreement
      or arrangement or other credit enhancement forming a part of or related to any master netting agreement,
      or of any contractual right (as defined in section 555, 556, 559, or 560) to offset or net out any
      termination value, payment amount, or other transfer obligation arising under or in connection with
      1 or more such master netting agreements to the extent that such participant is eligible to exercise
      such rights under paragraph (6), (7), or (17) for each individual contract covered by the master
      netting agreement in issue; (28) under subsection (a), of the exclusion by the Secretary of Health
      and Human Services of the debtor from participation in the medicare program or any other Federal
      health care program (as defined in section 1128B(f) of the Social Security Act pursuant to title
      XI or XVIII of such Act); and (29) under subsection (a)(1) of this section, of any action by— (A)
      an amateur sports organization, as defined in section 220501(b) of title 36 , to replace a national
      governing body, as defined in that section, under section 220528 of that title; or (B) the corporation,
      as defined in section 220501(b) of title 36 , to revoke the certification of a national governing
      body, as defined in that section, under section 220521 of that title. The provisions of paragraphs
      (12) and (13) of this subsection shall apply with respect to any such petition filed on or before
      December 31, 1989 .
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-c
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-c
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(c)
  description: '(c): (c) Except as provided in subsections (d), (e), (f), and (h) of this section— (1)
    the stay of an act against property of the estate under subsection (a) of this section continues until
    such property is no longer property of the estate; (2) the stay of any other act under subsection
    (a) of this secti…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (c) Except as provided in subsections (d), (e), (f), and (h) of this section— (1)
      the stay of an act against property of the estate under subsection (a) of this section continues
      until such property is no longer property of the estate; (2) the stay of any other act under subsection
      (a) of this section continues until the earliest of— (A) the time the case is closed; (B) the time
      the case is dismissed; or (C) if the case is a case under chapter 7 of this title concerning an
      individual or a case under chapter 9 , 11 , 12 , or 13 of this title, the time a discharge is granted
      or denied; (3) if a single or joint case is filed by or against a debtor who is an individual in
      a case under chapter 7, 11, or 13, and if a single or joint case of the debtor was pending within
      the preceding 1-year period but was dismissed, other than a case refiled under a chapter other than
      chapter 7 after dismissal under section 707(b) — (A) the stay under subsection (a) with respect
      to any action taken with respect to a debt or property securing such debt or with respect to any
      lease shall terminate with respect to the debtor on the 30th day after the filing of the later case;
      (B) on the motion of a party in interest for continuation of the automatic stay and upon notice
      and a hearing, the court may extend the stay in particular cases as to any or all creditors (subject
      to such conditions or limitations as the court may then impose) after notice and a hearing completed
      before the expiration of the 30-day period only if the party in interest demonstrates that the filing
      of the later case is in good faith as to the creditors to be stayed; and (C) for purposes of subparagraph
      (B), a case is presumptively filed not in good faith (but such presumption may be rebutted by clear
      and convincing evidence to the contrary)—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) as to all creditors, if— (I) more than 1 previous case under any of chapters
    7 , 11 , and 13 in which the individual was a debtor was pending within the preceding 1-year period;
    (II) a previous case under any of chapters 7 , 11 , and 13 in which the individual was a debtor was
    dismissed within s…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) as to all creditors, if— (I) more than 1 previous case under any of chapters
      7 , 11 , and 13 in which the individual was a debtor was pending within the preceding 1-year period;
      (II) a previous case under any of chapters 7 , 11 , and 13 in which the individual was a debtor
      was dismissed within such 1-year period, after the debtor failed to— (aa) file or amend the petition
      or other documents as required by this title or the court without substantial excuse (but mere inadvertence
      or negligence shall not be a substantial excuse unless the dismissal was caused by the negligence
      of the debtor’s attorney); (bb) provide adequate protection as ordered by the court; or (cc) perform
      the terms of a plan confirmed by the court; or (III) there has not been a substantial change in
      the financial or personal affairs of the debtor since the dismissal of the next most previous case
      under chapter 7 , 11 , or 13 or any other reason to conclude that the later case will be concluded—
      (aa) if a case under chapter 7, with a discharge; or (bb) if a case under chapter 11 or 13, with
      a confirmed plan that will be fully performed; and (ii) as to any creditor that commenced an action
      under subsection (d) in a previous case in which the individual was a debtor if, as of the date
      of dismissal of such case, that action was still pending or had been resolved by terminating, conditioning,
      or limiting the stay as to actions of such creditor; and (4) (A)
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) if a single or joint case is filed by or against a debtor who is an individual
    under this title, and if 2 or more single or joint cases of the debtor were pending within the previous
    year but were dismissed, other than a case refiled under a chapter other than chapter 7 after dismissal
    under sec…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) if a single or joint case is filed by or against a debtor who is an individual
      under this title, and if 2 or more single or joint cases of the debtor were pending within the previous
      year but were dismissed, other than a case refiled under a chapter other than chapter 7 after dismissal
      under section 707(b), the stay under subsection (a) shall not go into effect upon the filing of
      the later case; and (ii) on request of a party in interest, the court shall promptly enter an order
      confirming that no stay is in effect; (B) if, within 30 days after the filing of the later case,
      a party in interest requests the court may order the stay to take effect in the case as to any or
      all creditors (subject to such conditions or limitations as the court may impose), after notice
      and a hearing, only if the party in interest demonstrates that the filing of the later case is in
      good faith as to the creditors to be stayed; (C) a stay imposed under subparagraph (B) shall be
      effective on the date of the entry of the order allowing the stay to go into effect; and (D) for
      purposes of subparagraph (B), a case is presumptively filed not in good faith (but such presumption
      may be rebutted by clear and convincing evidence to the contrary)—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) as to all creditors if— (I) 2 or more previous cases under this title in which
    the individual was a debtor were pending within the 1-year period; (II) a previous case under this
    title in which the individual was a debtor was dismissed within the time period stated in this paragraph
    after the deb…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) as to all creditors if— (I) 2 or more previous cases under this title in which
      the individual was a debtor were pending within the 1-year period; (II) a previous case under this
      title in which the individual was a debtor was dismissed within the time period stated in this paragraph
      after the debtor failed to file or amend the petition or other documents as required by this title
      or the court without substantial excuse (but mere inadvertence or negligence shall not be substantial
      excuse unless the dismissal was caused by the negligence of the debtor’s attorney), failed to provide
      adequate protection as ordered by the court, or failed to perform the terms of a plan confirmed
      by the court; or (III) there has not been a substantial change in the financial or personal affairs
      of the debtor since the dismissal of the next most previous case under this title, or any other
      reason to conclude that the later case will not be concluded, if a case under chapter 7, with a
      discharge, and if a case under chapter 11 or 13, with a confirmed plan that will be fully performed;
      or (ii) as to any creditor that commenced an action under subsection (d) in a previous case in which
      the individual was a debtor if, as of the date of dismissal of such case, such action was still
      pending or had been resolved by terminating, conditioning, or limiting the stay as to such action
      of such creditor.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-d
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-d
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(d)
  description: '(d): (d) On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court shall
    grant relief from the stay provided under subsection (a) of this section, such as by terminating,
    annulling, modifying, or conditioning such stay— (1) for cause, including the lack of adequate protection
    of an inte…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (d) On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court shall
      grant relief from the stay provided under subsection (a) of this section, such as by terminating,
      annulling, modifying, or conditioning such stay— (1) for cause, including the lack of adequate protection
      of an interest in property of such party in interest; (2) with respect to a stay of an act against
      property under subsection (a) of this section, if— (A) the debtor does not have an equity in such
      property; and (B) such property is not necessary to an effective reorganization; (3) with respect
      to a stay of an act against single asset real estate under subsection (a), by a creditor whose claim
      is secured by an interest in such real estate, unless, not later than the date that is 90 days after
      the entry of the order for relief (or such later date as the court may determine for cause by order
      entered within that 90-day period) or 30 days after the court determines that the debtor is subject
      to this paragraph, whichever is later— (A) the debtor has filed a plan of reorganization that has
      a reasonable possibility of being confirmed within a reasonable time; or (B) the debtor has commenced
      monthly payments that—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) may, in the debtor’s sole discretion, notwithstanding section 363(c)(2), be made
    from rents or other income generated before, on, or after the date of the commencement of the case
    by or from the property to each creditor whose claim is secured by such real estate (other than a
    claim secured by a…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) may, in the debtor’s sole discretion, notwithstanding section 363(c)(2), be made
      from rents or other income generated before, on, or after the date of the commencement of the case
      by or from the property to each creditor whose claim is secured by such real estate (other than
      a claim secured by a judgment lien or by an unmatured statutory lien); and (ii) are in an amount
      equal to interest at the then applicable nondefault contract rate of interest on the value of the
      creditor’s interest in the real estate; or (4) with respect to a stay of an act against real property
      under subsection (a), by a creditor whose claim is secured by an interest in such real property,
      if the court finds that the filing of the petition was part of a scheme to delay, hinder, or defraud
      creditors that involved either— (A) transfer of all or part ownership of, or other interest in,
      such real property without the consent of the secured creditor or court approval; or (B) multiple
      bankruptcy filings affecting such real property. If recorded in compliance with applicable State
      laws governing notices of interests or liens in real property, an order entered under paragraph
      (4) shall be binding in any other case under this title purporting to affect such real property
      filed not later than 2 years after the date of the entry of such order by the court, except that
      a debtor in a subsequent case under this title may move for relief from such order based upon changed
      circumstances or for good cause shown, after notice and a hearing. Any Federal, State, or local
      governmental unit that accepts notices of interests or liens in real property shall accept any certified
      copy of an order described in this subsection for indexing and recording.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-e
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-e
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(e)
  description: '(e): (e) (1) Thirty days after a request under subsection (d) of this section for relief
    from the stay of any act against property of the estate under subsection (a) of this section, such
    stay is terminated with respect to the party in interest making such request, unless the court, after
    notice and a he…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (e) (1) Thirty days after a request under subsection (d) of this section for relief
      from the stay of any act against property of the estate under subsection (a) of this section, such
      stay is terminated with respect to the party in interest making such request, unless the court,
      after notice and a hearing, orders such stay continued in effect pending the conclusion of, or as
      a result of, a final hearing and determination under subsection (d) of this section. A hearing under
      this subsection may be a preliminary hearing, or may be consolidated with the final hearing under
      subsection (d) of this section. The court shall order such stay continued in effect pending the
      conclusion of the final hearing under subsection (d) of this section if there is a reasonable likelihood
      that the party opposing relief from such stay will prevail at the conclusion of such final hearing.
      If the hearing under this subsection is a preliminary hearing, then such final hearing shall be
      concluded not later than thirty days after the conclusion of such preliminary hearing, unless the
      30-day period is extended with the consent of the parties in interest or for a specific time which
      the court finds is required by compelling circumstances. (2) Notwithstanding paragraph (1), in a
      case under chapter 7 , 11 , or 13 in which the debtor is an individual, the stay under subsection
      (a) shall terminate on the date that is 60 days after a request is made by a party in interest under
      subsection (d), unless— (A) a final decision is rendered by the court during the 60-day period beginning
      on the date of the request; or (B) such 60-day period is extended—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) by agreement of all parties in interest; or (ii) by the court for such specific
    period of time as the court finds is required for good cause, as described in findings made by the
    court.'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) by agreement of all parties in interest; or (ii) by the court for such specific
      period of time as the court finds is required for good cause, as described in findings made by the
      court.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-f
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-f
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(f)
  description: '(f): (f) Upon request of a party in interest, the court, with or without a hearing, shall
    grant such relief from the stay provided under subsection (a) of this section as is necessary to prevent
    irreparable damage to the interest of an entity in property, if such interest will suffer such damage
    before t…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (f) Upon request of a party in interest, the court, with or without a hearing, shall
      grant such relief from the stay provided under subsection (a) of this section as is necessary to
      prevent irreparable damage to the interest of an entity in property, if such interest will suffer
      such damage before there is an opportunity for notice and a hearing under subsection (d) or (e)
      of this section.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-g
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-g
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(g)
  description: '(g): (g) In any hearing under subsection (d) or (e) of this section concerning relief
    from the stay of any act under subsection (a) of this section— (1) the party requesting such relief
    has the burden of proof on the issue of the debtor’s equity in property; and (2) the party opposing
    such relief has the…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (g) In any hearing under subsection (d) or (e) of this section concerning relief
      from the stay of any act under subsection (a) of this section— (1) the party requesting such relief
      has the burden of proof on the issue of the debtor’s equity in property; and (2) the party opposing
      such relief has the burden of proof on all other issues.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-h
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-h
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(h)
  description: '(h): (h) (1) In a case in which the debtor is an individual, the stay provided by subsection
    (a) is terminated with respect to personal property of the estate or of the debtor securing in whole
    or in part a claim, or subject to an unexpired lease, and such personal property shall no longer be
    property of…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (h) (1) In a case in which the debtor is an individual, the stay provided by subsection
      (a) is terminated with respect to personal property of the estate or of the debtor securing in whole
      or in part a claim, or subject to an unexpired lease, and such personal property shall no longer
      be property of the estate if the debtor fails within the applicable time set by section 521(a)(2)
      — (A) to file timely any statement of intention required under section 521(a)(2) with respect to
      such personal property or to indicate in such statement that the debtor will either surrender such
      personal property or retain it and, if retaining such personal property, either redeem such personal
      property pursuant to section 722, enter into an agreement of the kind specified in section 524(c)
      applicable to the debt secured by such personal property, or assume such unexpired lease pursuant
      to section 365(p) if the trustee does not do so, as applicable; and (B) to take timely the action
      specified in such statement, as it may be amended before expiration of the period for taking action,
      unless such statement specifies the debtor’s intention to reaffirm such debt on the original contract
      terms and the creditor refuses to agree to the reaffirmation on such terms. (2) Paragraph (1) does
      not apply if the court determines, on the motion of the trustee filed before the expiration of the
      applicable time set by section 521(a)(2), after notice and a hearing, that such personal property
      is of consequential value or benefit to the estate, and orders appropriate adequate protection of
      the creditor’s interest, and orders the debtor to deliver any collateral in the debtor’s possession
      to the trustee. If the court does not so determine, the stay provided by subsection (a) shall terminate
      upon the conclusion of the hearing on the motion.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) If a case commenced under chapter 7 , 11 , or 13 is dismissed due to the creation
    of a debt repayment plan, for purposes of subsection (c)(3), any subsequent case commenced by the
    debtor under any such chapter shall not be presumed to be filed not in good faith.'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) If a case commenced under chapter 7 , 11 , or 13 is dismissed due to the creation
      of a debt repayment plan, for purposes of subsection (c)(3), any subsequent case commenced by the
      debtor under any such chapter shall not be presumed to be filed not in good faith.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-j
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-j
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(j)
  description: '(j): (j) On request of a party in interest, the court shall issue an order under subsection
    (c) confirming that the automatic stay has been terminated.'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (j) On request of a party in interest, the court shall issue an order under subsection
      (c) confirming that the automatic stay has been terminated.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-k
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-k
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(k)
  description: '(k): (k) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), an individual injured by any willful
    violation of a stay provided by this section shall recover actual damages, including costs and attorneys’
    fees, and, in appropriate circumstances, may recover punitive damages. (2) If such violation is based
    on an acti…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (k) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), an individual injured by any willful
      violation of a stay provided by this section shall recover actual damages, including costs and attorneys’
      fees, and, in appropriate circumstances, may recover punitive damages. (2) If such violation is
      based on an action taken by an entity in the good faith belief that subsection (h) applies to the
      debtor, the recovery under paragraph (1) of this subsection against such entity shall be limited
      to actual damages.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-l
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-l
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(l)
  description: '(l): (l) (1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, subsection (b)(22) shall
    apply on the date that is 30 days after the date on which the bankruptcy petition is filed, if the
    debtor files with the petition and serves upon the lessor a certification under penalty of perjury
    that— (A) under nonb…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (l) (1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, subsection (b)(22) shall
      apply on the date that is 30 days after the date on which the bankruptcy petition is filed, if the
      debtor files with the petition and serves upon the lessor a certification under penalty of perjury
      that— (A) under nonbankruptcy law applicable in the jurisdiction, there are circumstances under
      which the debtor would be permitted to cure the entire monetary default that gave rise to the judgment
      for possession, after that judgment for possession was entered; and (B) the debtor (or an adult
      dependent of the debtor) has deposited with the clerk of the court, any rent that would become due
      during the 30-day period after the filing of the bankruptcy petition. (2) If, within the 30-day
      period after the filing of the bankruptcy petition, the debtor (or an adult dependent of the debtor)
      complies with paragraph (1) and files with the court and serves upon the lessor a further certification
      under penalty of perjury that the debtor (or an adult dependent of the debtor) has cured, under
      nonbankruptcy law applicable in the jurisdiction, the entire monetary default that gave rise to
      the judgment under which possession is sought by the lessor, subsection (b)(22) shall not apply,
      unless ordered to apply by the court under paragraph (3). (3) (A) If the lessor files an objection
      to any certification filed by the debtor under paragraph (1) or (2), and serves such objection upon
      the debtor, the court shall hold a hearing within 10 days after the filing and service of such objection
      to determine if the certification filed by the debtor under paragraph (1) or (2) is true. (B) If
      the court upholds the objection of the lessor filed under subparagraph (A)—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) subsection (b)(22) shall apply immediately and relief from the stay provided
    under subsection (a)(3) shall not be required to enable the lessor to complete the process to recover
    full possession of the property; and (ii) the clerk of the court shall immediately serve upon the
    lessor and the debt…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) subsection (b)(22) shall apply immediately and relief from the stay provided
      under subsection (a)(3) shall not be required to enable the lessor to complete the process to recover
      full possession of the property; and (ii) the clerk of the court shall immediately serve upon the
      lessor and the debtor a certified copy of the court’s order upholding the lessor’s objection. (4)
      If a debtor, in accordance with paragraph (5), indicates on the petition that there was a judgment
      for possession of the residential rental property in which the debtor resides and does not file
      a certification under paragraph (1) or (2)— (A) subsection (b)(22) shall apply immediately upon
      failure to file such certification, and relief from the stay provided under subsection (a)(3) shall
      not be required to enable the lessor to complete the process to recover full possession of the property;
      and (B) the clerk of the court shall immediately serve upon the lessor and the debtor a certified
      copy of the docket indicating the absence of a filed certification and the applicability of the
      exception to the stay under subsection (b)(22). (5) (A) Where a judgment for possession of residential
      property in which the debtor resides as a tenant under a lease or rental agreement has been obtained
      by the lessor, the debtor shall so indicate on the bankruptcy petition and shall provide the name
      and address of the lessor that obtained that pre-petition judgment on the petition and on any certification
      filed under this subsection. (B) The form of certification filed with the petition, as specified
      in this subsection, shall provide for the debtor to certify, and the debtor shall certify—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) whether a judgment for possession of residential rental housing in which the
    debtor resides has been obtained against the debtor before the date of the filing of the petition;
    and (ii) whether the debtor is claiming under paragraph (1) that under nonbankruptcy law applicable
    in the jurisdiction,…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) whether a judgment for possession of residential rental housing in which the
      debtor resides has been obtained against the debtor before the date of the filing of the petition;
      and (ii) whether the debtor is claiming under paragraph (1) that under nonbankruptcy law applicable
      in the jurisdiction, there are circumstances under which the debtor would be permitted to cure the
      entire monetary default that gave rise to the judgment for possession, after that judgment of possession
      was entered, and has made the appropriate deposit with the court. (C) The standard forms (electronic
      and otherwise) used in a bankruptcy proceeding shall be amended to reflect the requirements of this
      subsection. (D) The clerk of the court shall arrange for the prompt transmittal of the rent deposited
      in accordance with paragraph (1)(B) to the lessor.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-m
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-m
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(m)
  description: '(m): (m) (1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, subsection (b)(23) shall
    apply on the date that is 15 days after the date on which the lessor files and serves a certification
    described in subsection (b)(23). (2) (A) If the debtor files with the court an objection to the truth
    or legal suffi…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (m) (1) Except as otherwise provided in this subsection, subsection (b)(23) shall
      apply on the date that is 15 days after the date on which the lessor files and serves a certification
      described in subsection (b)(23). (2) (A) If the debtor files with the court an objection to the
      truth or legal sufficiency of the certification described in subsection (b)(23) and serves such
      objection upon the lessor, subsection (b)(23) shall not apply, unless ordered to apply by the court
      under this subsection. (B) If the debtor files and serves the objection under subparagraph (A),
      the court shall hold a hearing within 10 days after the filing and service of such objection to
      determine if the situation giving rise to the lessor’s certification under paragraph (1) existed
      or has been remedied. (C) If the debtor can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the court that the
      situation giving rise to the lessor’s certification under paragraph (1) did not exist or has been
      remedied, the stay provided under subsection (a)(3) shall remain in effect until the termination
      of the stay under this section. (D) If the debtor cannot demonstrate to the satisfaction of the
      court that the situation giving rise to the lessor’s certification under paragraph (1) did not exist
      or has been remedied—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) relief from the stay provided under subsection (a)(3) shall not be required to
    enable the lessor to proceed with the eviction; and (ii) the clerk of the court shall immediately
    serve upon the lessor and the debtor a certified copy of the court’s order upholding the lessor’s
    certification. (3) If…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) relief from the stay provided under subsection (a)(3) shall not be required to
      enable the lessor to proceed with the eviction; and (ii) the clerk of the court shall immediately
      serve upon the lessor and the debtor a certified copy of the court’s order upholding the lessor’s
      certification. (3) If the debtor fails to file, within 15 days, an objection under paragraph (2)(A)—
      (A) subsection (b)(23) shall apply immediately upon such failure and relief from the stay provided
      under subsection (a)(3) shall not be required to enable the lessor to complete the process to recover
      full possession of the property; and (B) the clerk of the court shall immediately serve upon the
      lessor and the debtor a certified copy of the docket indicating such failure.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-n
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-n
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(n)
  description: '(n): (n) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), subsection (a) does not apply in a case
    in which the debtor— (A) is a debtor in a small business case pending at the time the petition is
    filed; (B) was a debtor in a small business case that was dismissed for any reason by an order that
    became final in t…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (n) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), subsection (a) does not apply in a case
      in which the debtor— (A) is a debtor in a small business case pending at the time the petition is
      filed; (B) was a debtor in a small business case that was dismissed for any reason by an order that
      became final in the 2-year period ending on the date of the order for relief entered with respect
      to the petition; (C) was a debtor in a small business case in which a plan was confirmed in the
      2-year period ending on the date of the order for relief entered with respect to the petition; or
      (D) is an entity that has acquired substantially all of the assets or business of a small business
      debtor described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C), unless such entity establishes by a preponderance
      of the evidence that such entity acquired substantially all of the assets or business of such small
      business debtor in good faith and not for the purpose of evading this paragraph. (2) Paragraph (1)
      does not apply— (A) to an involuntary case involving no collusion by the debtor with creditors;
      or (B) to the filing of a petition if—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-i
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(i)
  description: '(i): (i) the debtor proves by a preponderance of the evidence that the filing of the petition
    resulted from circumstances beyond the control of the debtor not foreseeable at the time the case
    then pending was filed; and (ii) it is more likely than not that the court will confirm a feasible
    plan, but not …'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: (i) the debtor proves by a preponderance of the evidence that the filing of the petition
      resulted from circumstances beyond the control of the debtor not foreseeable at the time the case
      then pending was filed; and (ii) it is more likely than not that the court will confirm a feasible
      plan, but not a liquidating plan, within a reasonable period of time.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-o
  canonical_id: bankruptcy-11usc-362-o
  section: 11 U.S.C. §362(o)
  description: '(o): (o) The exercise of rights not subject to the stay arising under subsection (a) pursuant
    to paragraph (6), (7), (17), or (27) of subsection (b) shall not be stayed by any order of a court
    or administrative agency in any proceeding under this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598 , Nov. 6, 1978 , 92
    Stat. 2570 ; P…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 11 U.S.C. §362(a)
    source_class: bankruptcy-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/11/362
    snapshot_id: 4513bc147ce500aa
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T11:32:20Z'
    content_hash: sha256:a7508eeb9755c3d9c065d1e80fcf0b327df1d35c25b80309a3eb70c519505a51
    paragraph_quote: '(o) The exercise of rights not subject to the stay arising under subsection (a)
      pursuant to paragraph (6), (7), (17), or (27) of subsection (b) shall not be stayed by any order
      of a court or administrative agency in any proceeding under this title. ( Pub. L. 95–598 , Nov.
      6, 1978 , 92 Stat. 2570 ; Pub. L. 97–222, § 3 , July 27, 1982 , 96 Stat. 235 ; Pub. L. 98–353, title
      III , §§ 304, 363(b), 392, 441, July 10, 1984 , 98 Stat. 352 , 363, 365, 371; Pub. L. 99–509, title
      V, § 5001(a) , Oct. 21, 1986 , 100 Stat. 1911 ; Pub. L. 99–554, title II , §§ 257(j), 283(d), Oct.
      27, 1986 , 100 Stat. 3115 , 3116; Pub. L. 101–311, title I, § 102 , title II, § 202, June 25, 1990
      , 104 Stat. 267 , 269; Pub. L. 101–508, title III, § 3007(a)(1) , Nov. 5, 1990 , 104 Stat. 1388–28
      ; Pub. L. 103–394, title I , §§ 101, 116, title II, §§ 204(a), 218(b), title III, § 304(b), title
      IV, § 401, title V, § 501(b)(2), (d)(7), Oct. 22, 1994 , 108 Stat. 4107 , 4119, 4122, 4128, 4132,
      4141, 4142, 4144; Pub. L. 105–277, div. I, title VI, § 603 , Oct. 21, 1998 , 112 Stat. 2681–886
      ; Pub. L. 109–8, title I, § 106(f) , title II, §§ 214, 224(b), title III, §§ 302, 303, 305(1), 311,
      320, title IV, §§ 401(b), 441, 444, title VII, §§ 709, 718, title IX, § 907(d), ( o )(1), (2), title
      XI, § 1106, title XII, § 1225, Apr. 20, 2005 , 119 Stat. 41 , 54, 64, 75, 77, 79, 84, 94, 104, 114,
      117, 127, 131, 176, 181, 182, 192, 199; Pub. L. 109–304, § 17(b)(1) , Oct. 6, 2006 , 120 Stat. 1706
      ; Pub. L. 109–390, § 5(a)(2) , Dec. 12, 2006 , 120 Stat. 2696 ; Pub. L. 111–327, § 2(a)(12) , Dec.
      22, 2010 , 124 Stat. 3558 ; Pub. L. 116–189, § 9 , Oct. 30, 2020 , 134 Stat. 970 ; Pub. L. 119–27,
      § 11(c) , July 18, 2025 , 139 Stat. 457 .) Amendment of Subsections (a) and (d) Pub. L. 119–27 ,
      §§ 11(c), 20, July 18, 2025 , 139 Stat. 457 , 466, provided that, effective on the earlier of the
      date that is 18 months after July 18, 2025 , or the date that is 120 days after the date on which
      the primary Federal payment stablecoin regulators issue any final regulations implementing Pub.
      L. 119–27 , this section is amended as follows: (1) in subsection (a), in paragraph (7), by striking
      “and”; in paragraph (8), by striking the period and inserting “; and”; and by adding at the end
      the following: “(9) the redemption of payment stablecoins issued by the permitted payment stablecoin
      issuer, from payment stablecoin reserves required to be maintained under section 4 of the GENIUS
      Act.”; and (2) in subsection (d), in paragraph (3)(B)(ii), by striking “or” at the end; in paragraph
      (4)(B), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; or”; and by inserting after paragraph
      (4) the following: “(5) with respect to the redemption of payment stablecoins held by a person,
      if the court finds, subject to the motion and attestation of the permitted payment stablecoin issuer,
      which shall be filed on the petition date or as soon as practicable thereafter, there are payment
      stablecoin reserves available for distribution on a ratable basis to similarly situated payment
      stablecoin holders, provided that the court shall use best efforts to enter a final order to begin
      distributions under this paragraph not later than 14 days after the date of the required hearing.”
      See 2025 Amendment notes below. Historical and Revision Notes legislative statements Section 362(a)(1)
      of the House amendment adopts the provision contained in the Senate amendment enjoining the commencement
      or continuation of a judicial, administrative, or other proceeding to recover a claim against the
      debtor that arose before the commencement of the case. The provision is beneficial and interacts
      with section 362(a)(6), which also covers assessment, to prevent harassment of the debtor with respect
      to pre-petition claims. Section 362(a)(7) contains a provision contained in H.R. 8200 as passed
      by the House. The differing provision in the Senate amendment was rejected. It is not possible that
      a debt owing to the debtor may be offset against an interest in the debtor. Section 362(a)(8) is
      new. The provision stays the commencement or continuation of any proceeding concerning the debtor
      before the U.S. Tax Court. Section 362(b)(4) indicates that the stay under section 362(a)(1) does
      not apply to affect the commencement or continuation of an action or proceeding by a governmental
      unit to enforce the governmental unit’s police or regulatory power. This section is intended to
      be given a narrow construction in order to permit governmental units to pursue actions to protect
      the public health and safety and not to apply to actions by a governmental unit to protect a pecuniary
      interest in property of the debtor or property of the estate. Section 362(b)(6) of the House amendment
      adopts a provision contained in the Senate amendment restricting the exception to the automatic
      stay with respect to setoffs to permit only the setoff of mutual debts and claims. Traditionally,
      the right of setoff has been limited to mutual debts and claims and the lack of the clarifying term
      “mutual” in H.R. 8200 as passed by the House created an unintentional ambiguity. Section 362(b)(7)
      of the House amendment permits the issuance of a notice of tax deficiency. The House amendment rejects
      section 362(b)(7) in the Senate amendment. It would have permitted a particular governmental unit
      to obtain a pecuniary advantage without a hearing on the merits contrary to the exceptions contained
      in sections 362(b)(4) and (5). Section 362(d) of the House amendment represents a compromise between
      comparable provisions in the House bill and Senate amendment. Under section 362(d)(1) of the House
      amendment, the court may terminate, annul, modify, or condition the automatic stay for cause, including
      lack of adequate protection of an interest in property of a secured party. It is anticipated that
      the Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure will provide that those hearings will receive priority on the
      calendar. Under section 362(d)(2) the court may alternatively terminate, annul, modify, or condition
      the automatic stay for cause including inadequate protection for the creditor. The court shall grant
      relief from the stay if there is no equity and it is not necessary to an effective reorganization
      of the debtor. The latter requirement is contained in section 362(d)(2). This section is intended
      to solve the problem of real property mortgage foreclosures of property where the bankruptcy petition
      is filed on the eve of foreclosure. The section is not intended to apply if the business of the
      debtor is managing or leasing real property, such as a hotel operation, even though the debtor has
      no equity if the property is necessary to an effective reorganization of the debtor. Similarly,
      if the debtor does have an equity in the property, there is no requirement that the property be
      sold under section 363 of title 11 as would have been required by the Senate amendment. Section
      362(e) of the House amendment represents a modification of provisions in H.R. 8200 as passed by
      the House and the Senate amendment to make clear that a final hearing must be commenced within 30
      days after a preliminary hearing is held to determine whether a creditor will be entitled to relief
      from the automatic stay. In order to insure that those hearings will in fact occur within such 30-day
      period, it is anticipated that the rules of bankruptcy procedure provide that such final hearings
      receive priority on the court calendar. Section 362(g) places the burden of proof on the issue of
      the debtor’s equity in collateral on the party requesting relief from the automatic stay and the
      burden on other issues on the debtor. An amendment has been made to section 362(b) to permit the
      Secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development to commence an action to foreclose
      a mortgage or deed of trust. The commencement of such an action is necessary for tax purposes. The
      section is not intended to permit the continuation of such an action after it is commenced nor is
      the section to be construed to entitle the Secretary to take possession in lieu of foreclosure.
      Automatic stay: Sections 362(b)(8) and (9) contained in the Senate amendment are largely deleted
      in the House amendment. Those provisions add to the list of actions not stayed (a) jeopardy assessments,
      (b) other assessments, and (c) the issuance of deficiency notices. In the House amendment, jeopardy
      assessments against property which ceases to be property of the estate is already authorized by
      section 362(c)(1). Other assessments are specifically stayed under section 362(a)(6), while the
      issuance of a deficiency notice is specifically permitted. Stay of the assessment and the permission
      to issue a statutory notice of a tax deficiency will permit the debtor to take his personal tax
      case to the Tax Court, if the bankruptcy judge authorizes him to do so (as explained more fully
      in the discussion of section 505). senate report no. 95–989 The automatic stay is one of the fundamental
      debtor protections provided by the bankruptcy laws. It gives the debtor a breathing spell from his
      creditors. It stops all collection efforts, all harassment, and all foreclosure actions. It permits
      the debtor to attempt a repayment or reorganization plan, or simply to be relieved of the financial
      pressures that drove him into bankruptcy. The action commenced by the party seeking relief from
      the stay is referred to as a motion to make it clear that at the expedited hearing under subsection
      (e), and at hearings on relief from the stay, the only issue will be the lack of adequate protection,
      the debtor’s equity in the property, and the necessity of the property to an effective reorganization
      of the debtor, or the existence of other cause for relief from the stay. This hearing will not be
      the appropriate time at which to bring in other issues, such as counterclaims against the creditor,
      which, although relevant to the question of the amount of the debt, concern largely collateral or
      unrelated matters. This approach is consistent with that taken in cases such as In re Essex Properties,
      Ltd., 430 F.Supp. 1112 (N.D.Cal.1977), that an action seeking relief from the stay is not the assertion
      of a claim which would give rise to the right or obligation to assert counterclaims. Those counterclaims
      are not to be handled in the summary fashion that the preliminary hearing under this provision will
      be. Rather, they will be the subject of more complete proceedings by the trustee to recover property
      of the estate or to object to the allowance of a claim. However, this would not preclude the party
      seeking continuance of the stay from presenting evidence on the existence of claims which the court
      may consider in exercising its discretion. What is precluded is a determination of such collateral
      claims on the merits at the hearing. house report no. 95–595 Paragraph (7) [of subsec. (a)] stays
      setoffs of mutual debts and credits between the debtor and creditors. As with all other paragraphs
      of subsection (a), this paragraph does not affect the right of creditors. It simply stays its enforcement
      pending an orderly examination of the debtor’s and creditors’ rights. Subsection (c) governs automatic
      termination of the stay. Subsections (d) through (g) govern termination of the stay by the court
      on the request of a party in interest. Subsection (d) requires the court, on request of a party
      in interest, to grant relief from the stay, such as by terminating, annulling, modifying, or conditioning
      the stay, for cause. The lack of adequate protection of an interest in property of the party requesting
      relief from the stay is one cause for relief, but is not the only cause. As noted above, a desire
      to permit an action to proceed to completion in another tribunal may provide another cause. Other
      causes might include the lack of any connection with or interference with the pending bankruptcy
      case. For example, a divorce or child custody proceeding involving the debtor may bear no relation
      to the bankruptcy case. In that case, it should not be stayed. A probate proceeding in which the
      debtor is the executor or administrator of another’s estate usually will not be related to the bankruptcy
      case, and should not be stayed. Generally, proceedings in which the debtor is a fiduciary, or involving
      postpetition activities of the debtor, need not be stayed because they bear no relationship to the
      purpose of the automatic stay, which is debtor protection from his creditors. The facts of each
      request will determine whether relief is appropriate under the circumstances. Subsection (e) provides
      a protection for secured creditors that is not available under present law. The subsection sets
      a time certain within which the bankruptcy court must rule on the adequacy of protection provided
      of the secured creditor’s interest. If the court does not rule within 30 days from a request for
      relief from the stay, the stay is automatically terminated with respect to the property in question.
      In order to accommodate more complex cases, the subsection permits the court to make a preliminary
      ruling after a preliminary hearing. After a preliminary hearing, the court may continue the stay
      only if there is a reasonable likelihood that the party opposing relief from the stay will prevail
      at the final hearing. Because the stay is essentially an injunction, the three stages of the stay
      may be analogized to the three stages of an injunction. The filing of the petition which gives rise
      to the automatic stay is similar to a temporary restraining order. The preliminary hearing is similar
      to the hearing on a preliminary injunction, and the final hearing and order is similar to a permanent
      injunction. The main difference lies in which party must bring the issue before the court. While
      in the injunction setting, the party seeking the injunction must prosecute the action, in proceedings
      for relief from the automatic stay, the enjoined party must move. The difference does not, however,
      shift the burden of proof. Subsection (g) leaves that burden on the party opposing relief from the
      stay (that is, on the party seeking continuance of the injunction) on the issue of adequate protection.
      At the expedited hearing under subsection (e), and at all hearings on relief from the stay, the
      only issue will be the claim of the creditor and the lack of adequate protection or existence of
      other cause for relief from the stay. This hearing will not be the appropriate time at which to
      bring in other issues, such as counterclaims against the creditor on largely unrelated matters.
      Those counterclaims are not to be handled in the summary fashion that the preliminary hearing under
      this provision will be. Rather, they will be the subject of more complete proceedings by the trustees
      to recover property of the estate or to object to the allowance of a claim.'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 11 U.S.C. §362 from Cornell LII snapshot 4513bc147ce500aa;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
