source:
  type: regulation
  id: respa-12usc-2605
  authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605 — Servicing of mortgage loans and administration of escrow accounts
  description: '12 U.S.C. §2605 is the RESPA statutory anchor for mortgage-servicing

    obligations: servicing-transfer disclosure and notices, 60-day late-fee

    grace, QWR timing, escrow administration, and force-placed-insurance

    procedure.

    '
obligations:
- id: respa-12usc-2605-a
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-a
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
  description: '(a): (a) Disclosure to applicant relating to assignment, sale, or transfer of loan servicing
    Each person who makes a federally related mortgage loan shall disclose to each person who applies
    for the loan, at the time of application for the loan, whether the servicing of the loan may be assigned,
    sold, or…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (a) Disclosure to applicant relating to assignment, sale, or transfer of loan servicing
      Each person who makes a federally related mortgage loan shall disclose to each person who applies
      for the loan, at the time of application for the loan, whether the servicing of the loan may be
      assigned, sold, or transferred to any other person at any time while the loan is outstanding.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-b
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-b
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(b)
  description: '(b): (b) Notice by transferor of loan servicing at time of transfer (1) Notice requirement
    Each servicer of any federally related mortgage loan shall notify the borrower in writing of any assignment,
    sale, or transfer of the servicing of the loan to any other person. (2) Time of notice (A) In general
    Exc…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (b) Notice by transferor of loan servicing at time of transfer (1) Notice requirement
      Each servicer of any federally related mortgage loan shall notify the borrower in writing of any
      assignment, sale, or transfer of the servicing of the loan to any other person. (2) Time of notice
      (A) In general Except as provided under subparagraphs (B) and (C), the notice required under paragraph
      (1) shall be made to the borrower not less than 15 days before the effective date of transfer of
      the servicing of the mortgage loan (with respect to which such notice is made). (B) Exception for
      certain proceedings The notice required under paragraph (1) shall be made to the borrower not more
      than 30 days after the effective date of assignment, sale, or transfer of the servicing of the mortgage
      loan (with respect to which such notice is made) in any case in which the assignment, sale, or transfer
      of the servicing of the mortgage loan is preceded by—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) termination of the contract for servicing the loan for cause; (ii) commencement
    of proceedings for bankruptcy of the servicer ; or (iii) commencement of proceedings by the Federal
    Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation for conservatorship or receivership
    of the service…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: '(i) termination of the contract for servicing the loan for cause; (ii) commencement
      of proceedings for bankruptcy of the servicer ; or (iii) commencement of proceedings by the Federal
      Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation for conservatorship or receivership
      of the servicer (or an entity by which the servicer is owned or controlled). (C) Exception for notice
      provided at closing The provisions of subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall not apply to any assignment,
      sale, or transfer of the servicing of any mortgage loan if the person who makes the loan provides
      to the borrower, at settlement (with respect to the property for which the mortgage loan is made),
      written notice under paragraph (3) of such transfer. (3) Contents of notice The notice required
      under paragraph (1) shall include the following information: (A) The effective date of transfer
      of the servicing described in such paragraph. (B) The name, address, and toll-free or collect call
      telephone number of the transferee servicer . (C) A toll-free or collect call telephone number for
      (i) an individual employed by the transferor servicer , or (ii) the department of the transferor
      servicer , that can be contacted by the borrower to answer inquiries relating to the transfer of
      servicing . (D) The name and toll-free or collect call telephone number for (i) an individual employed
      by the transferee servicer , or (ii) the department of the transferee servicer , that can be contacted
      by the borrower to answer inquiries relating to the transfer of servicing . (E) The date on which
      the transferor servicer who is servicing the mortgage loan before the assignment, sale, or transfer
      will cease to accept payments relating to the loan and the date on which the transferee servicer
      will begin to accept such payments. (F) Any information concerning the effect the transfer may have,
      if any, on the terms of or the continued availability of mortgage life or disability insurance or
      any other type of optional insurance and what action, if any, the borrower must take to maintain
      coverage. (G) A statement that the assignment, sale, or transfer of the servicing of the mortgage
      loan does not affect any term or condition of the security instruments other than terms directly
      related to the servicing of such loan.'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-c
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-c
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(c)
  description: '(c): (c) Notice by transferee of loan servicing at time of transfer (1) Notice requirement
    Each transferee servicer to whom the servicing of any federally related mortgage loan is assigned,
    sold, or transferred shall notify the borrower of any such assignment, sale, or transfer. (2) Time
    of notice (A) In…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (c) Notice by transferee of loan servicing at time of transfer (1) Notice requirement
      Each transferee servicer to whom the servicing of any federally related mortgage loan is assigned,
      sold, or transferred shall notify the borrower of any such assignment, sale, or transfer. (2) Time
      of notice (A) In general Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the notice required under
      paragraph (1) shall be made to the borrower not more than 15 days after the effective date of transfer
      of the servicing of the mortgage loan (with respect to which such notice is made). (B) Exception
      for certain proceedings The notice required under paragraph (1) shall be made to the borrower not
      more than 30 days after the effective date of assignment, sale, or transfer of the servicing of
      the mortgage loan (with respect to which such notice is made) in any case in which the assignment,
      sale, or transfer of the servicing of the mortgage loan is preceded by—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) termination of the contract for servicing the loan for cause; (ii) commencement
    of proceedings for bankruptcy of the servicer ; or (iii) commencement of proceedings by the Federal
    Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation for conservatorship or receivership
    of the service…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) termination of the contract for servicing the loan for cause; (ii) commencement
      of proceedings for bankruptcy of the servicer ; or (iii) commencement of proceedings by the Federal
      Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation for conservatorship or receivership
      of the servicer (or an entity by which the servicer is owned or controlled). (C) Exception for notice
      provided at closing The provisions of subparagraphs (A) and (B) shall not apply to any assignment,
      sale, or transfer of the servicing of any mortgage loan if the person who makes the loan provides
      to the borrower, at settlement (with respect to the property for which the mortgage loan is made),
      written notice under paragraph (3) of such transfer. (3) Contents of notice Any notice required
      under paragraph (1) shall include the information described in subsection (b)(3).
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-d
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-d
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(d)
  description: '(d): (d) Treatment of loan payments during transfer period During the 60-day period beginning
    on the effective date of transfer of the servicing of any federally related mortgage loan, a late
    fee may not be imposed on the borrower with respect to any payment on such loan and no such payment
    may be treate…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (d) Treatment of loan payments during transfer period During the 60-day period beginning
      on the effective date of transfer of the servicing of any federally related mortgage loan, a late
      fee may not be imposed on the borrower with respect to any payment on such loan and no such payment
      may be treated as late for any other purposes, if the payment is received by the transferor servicer
      (rather than the transferee servicer who should properly receive payment) before the due date applicable
      to such payment.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-e
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-e
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(e)
  description: '(e): (e) Duty of loan servicer to respond to borrower inquiries (1) Notice of receipt
    of inquiry (A) In general If any servicer of a federally related mortgage loan receives a qualified
    written request from the borrower (or an agent of the borrower) for information relating to the servicing
    of such loan,…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (e) Duty of loan servicer to respond to borrower inquiries (1) Notice of receipt
      of inquiry (A) In general If any servicer of a federally related mortgage loan receives a qualified
      written request from the borrower (or an agent of the borrower) for information relating to the
      servicing of such loan, the servicer shall provide a written response acknowledging receipt of the
      correspondence within 5 days (excluding legal public holidays, Saturdays, and Sundays) unless the
      action requested is taken within such period. (B) Qualified written request For purposes of this
      subsection, a qualified written request shall be a written correspondence, other than notice on
      a payment coupon or other payment medium supplied by the servicer , that—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) includes, or otherwise enables the servicer to identify, the name and account
    of the borrower; and (ii) includes a statement of the reasons for the belief of the borrower, to the
    extent applicable, that the account is in error or provides sufficient detail to the servicer regarding
    other informa…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) includes, or otherwise enables the servicer to identify, the name and account
      of the borrower; and (ii) includes a statement of the reasons for the belief of the borrower, to
      the extent applicable, that the account is in error or provides sufficient detail to the servicer
      regarding other information sought by the borrower. (2) Action with respect to inquiry Not later
      than 30 days (excluding legal public holidays, Saturdays, and Sundays) after the receipt from any
      borrower of any qualified written request under paragraph (1) and, if applicable, before taking
      any action with respect to the inquiry of the borrower, the servicer shall— (A) make appropriate
      corrections in the account of the borrower, including the crediting of any late charges or penalties,
      and transmit to the borrower a written notification of such correction (which shall include the
      name and telephone number of a representative of the servicer who can provide assistance to the
      borrower); (B) after conducting an investigation, provide the borrower with a written explanation
      or clarification that includes—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) to the extent applicable, a statement of the reasons for which the servicer believes
    the account of the borrower is correct as determined by the servicer ; and (ii) the name and telephone
    number of an individual employed by, or the office or department of, the servicer who can provide
    assistance…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) to the extent applicable, a statement of the reasons for which the servicer believes
      the account of the borrower is correct as determined by the servicer ; and (ii) the name and telephone
      number of an individual employed by, or the office or department of, the servicer who can provide
      assistance to the borrower; or (C) after conducting an investigation, provide the borrower with
      a written explanation or clarification that includes—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) information requested by the borrower or an explanation of why the information
    requested is unavailable or cannot be obtained by the servicer ; and (ii) the name and telephone number
    of an individual employed by, or the office or department of, the servicer who can provide assistance
    to the borr…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) information requested by the borrower or an explanation of why the information
      requested is unavailable or cannot be obtained by the servicer ; and (ii) the name and telephone
      number of an individual employed by, or the office or department of, the servicer who can provide
      assistance to the borrower. (3) Protection of credit rating During the 60-day period beginning on
      the date of the servicer ’s receipt from any borrower of a qualified written request relating to
      a dispute regarding the borrower’s payments, a servicer may not provide information regarding any
      overdue payment, owed by such borrower and relating to such period or qualified written request,
      to any consumer reporting agency (as such term is defined under section 1681a of title 15 ). (4)
      Limited extension of response time The 30-day period described in paragraph (2) may be extended
      for not more than 15 days if, before the end of such 30-day period, the servicer notifies the borrower
      of the extension and the reasons for the delay in responding.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-f
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-f
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(f)
  description: '(f): (f) Damages and costs Whoever fails to comply with any provision of this section
    shall be liable to the borrower for each such failure in the following amounts: (1) Individuals In
    the case of any action by an individual, an amount equal to the sum of— (A) any actual damages to
    the borrower as a resu…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: '(f) Damages and costs Whoever fails to comply with any provision of this section
      shall be liable to the borrower for each such failure in the following amounts: (1) Individuals
      In the case of any action by an individual, an amount equal to the sum of— (A) any actual damages
      to the borrower as a result of the failure; and (B) any additional damages, as the court may allow,
      in the case of a pattern or practice of noncompliance with the requirements of this section, in
      an amount not to exceed $2,000. (2) Class actions In the case of a class action, an amount equal
      to the sum of— (A) any actual damages to each of the borrowers in the class as a result of the failure;
      and (B) any additional damages, as the court may allow, in the case of a pattern or practice of
      noncompliance with the requirements of this section, in an amount not greater than $2,000 for each
      member of the class, except that the total amount of damages under this subparagraph in any class
      action may not exceed the lesser of—'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) $1,000,000; or (ii) 1 percent of the net worth of the servicer . (3) Costs In
    addition to the amounts under paragraph (1) or (2), in the case of any successful action under this
    section, the costs of the action, together with any attorneys fees incurred in connection with such
    action as the cour…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) $1,000,000; or (ii) 1 percent of the net worth of the servicer . (3) Costs In
      addition to the amounts under paragraph (1) or (2), in the case of any successful action under this
      section, the costs of the action, together with any attorneys fees incurred in connection with such
      action as the court may determine to be reasonable under the circumstances. (4) Nonliability A transferor
      or transferee servicer shall not be liable under this subsection for any failure to comply with
      any requirement under this section if, within 60 days after discovering an error (whether pursuant
      to a final written examination report or the servicer ’s own procedures) and before the commencement
      of an action under this subsection and the receipt of written notice of the error from the borrower,
      the servicer notifies the person concerned of the error and makes whatever adjustments are necessary
      in the appropriate account to ensure that the person will not be required to pay an amount in excess
      of any amount that the person otherwise would have paid.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-g
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-g
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(g)
  description: '(g): (g) Administration of escrow accounts If the terms of any federally related mortgage
    loan require the borrower to make payments to the servicer of the loan for deposit into an escrow
    account for the purpose of assuring payment of taxes, insurance premiums, and other charges with respect
    to the prope…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (g) Administration of escrow accounts If the terms of any federally related mortgage
      loan require the borrower to make payments to the servicer of the loan for deposit into an escrow
      account for the purpose of assuring payment of taxes, insurance premiums, and other charges with
      respect to the property, the servicer shall make payments from the escrow account for such taxes,
      insurance premiums, and other charges in a timely manner as such payments become due. Any balance
      in any such account that is within the servicer ’s control at the time the loan is paid off shall
      be promptly returned to the borrower within 20 business days or credited to a similar account for
      a new mortgage loan to the borrower with the same lender.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-h
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-h
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(h)
  description: '(h): (h) Preemption of conflicting State laws Notwithstanding any provision of any law
    or regulation of any State, a person who makes a federally related mortgage loan or a servicer shall
    be considered to have complied with the provisions of any such State law or regulation requiring notice
    to a borrower…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (h) Preemption of conflicting State laws Notwithstanding any provision of any law
      or regulation of any State, a person who makes a federally related mortgage loan or a servicer shall
      be considered to have complied with the provisions of any such State law or regulation requiring
      notice to a borrower at the time of application for a loan or transfer of the servicing of a loan
      if such person or servicer complies with the requirements under this section regarding timing, content,
      and procedures for notification of the borrower.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) Definitions For purposes of this section: (1) Effective date of transfer The
    term “ effective date of transfer ” means the date on which the mortgage payment of a borrower is
    first due to the transferee servicer of a mortgage loan pursuant to the assignment, sale, or transfer
    of the servicing of…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: '(i) Definitions For purposes of this section: (1) Effective date of transfer The
      term “ effective date of transfer ” means the date on which the mortgage payment of a borrower is
      first due to the transferee servicer of a mortgage loan pursuant to the assignment, sale, or transfer
      of the servicing of the mortgage loan. (2) Servicer The term “ servicer ” means the person responsible
      for servicing of a loan (including the person who makes or holds a loan if such person also services
      the loan). The term does not include— (A) the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution
      Trust Corporation, in connection with assets acquired, assigned, sold, or transferred pursuant to
      section 1823(c) of this title or as receiver or conservator of an insured depository institution;
      and (B) the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal National Mortgage Association,
      the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Resolution Trust Corporation, or the Federal Deposit
      Insurance Corporation , in any case in which the assignment, sale, or transfer of the servicing
      of the mortgage loan is preceded by—'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) termination of the contract for servicing the loan for cause; (ii) commencement
    of proceedings for bankruptcy of the servicer ; or (iii) commencement of proceedings by the Federal
    Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation for conservatorship or receivership
    of the service…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) termination of the contract for servicing the loan for cause; (ii) commencement
      of proceedings for bankruptcy of the servicer ; or (iii) commencement of proceedings by the Federal
      Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Resolution Trust Corporation for conservatorship or receivership
      of the servicer (or an entity by which the servicer is owned or controlled). (3) Servicing The term
      “ servicing ” means receiving any scheduled periodic payments from a borrower pursuant to the terms
      of any loan, including amounts for escrow accounts described in section 2609 of this title , and
      making the payments of principal and interest and such other payments with respect to the amounts
      received from the borrower as may be required pursuant to the terms of the loan.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-j
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-j
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(j)
  description: '(j): (j) Transition (1) Originator liability A person who makes a federally related mortgage
    loan shall not be liable to a borrower because of a failure of such person to comply with subsection
    (a) with respect to an application for a loan made by the borrower before the regulations referred
    to in paragr…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (j) Transition (1) Originator liability A person who makes a federally related mortgage
      loan shall not be liable to a borrower because of a failure of such person to comply with subsection
      (a) with respect to an application for a loan made by the borrower before the regulations referred
      to in paragraph (3) take effect. (2) Servicer liability A servicer of a federally related mortgage
      loan shall not be liable to a borrower because of a failure of the servicer to perform any duty
      under subsection (b), (c), (d), or (e) that arises before the regulations referred to in paragraph
      (3) take effect. (3) Regulations and effective date The Bureau shall establish any requirements
      necessary to carry out this section. Such regulations shall include the model disclosure statement
      required under subsection (a)(2).
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-k
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-k
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(k)
  description: '(k): (k) Servicer prohibitions (1) In general A servicer of a federally related mortgage
    shall not— (A) obtain force-placed hazard insurance unless there is a reasonable basis to believe
    the borrower has failed to comply with the loan contract’s requirements to maintain property insurance;
    (B) charge fee…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (k) Servicer prohibitions (1) In general A servicer of a federally related mortgage
      shall not— (A) obtain force-placed hazard insurance unless there is a reasonable basis to believe
      the borrower has failed to comply with the loan contract’s requirements to maintain property insurance;
      (B) charge fees for responding to valid qualified written requests (as defined in regulations which
      the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection shall prescribe) under this section; (C) fail to take
      timely action to respond to a borrower’s requests to correct errors relating to allocation of payments,
      final balances for purposes of paying off the loan, or avoiding foreclosure, or other standard servicer
      ’s duties; (D) fail to respond within 10 business days to a request from a borrower to provide the
      identity, address, and other relevant contact information about the owner or assignee of the loan;
      or (E) fail to comply with any other obligation found by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection,
      by regulation, to be appropriate to carry out the consumer protection purposes of this chapter.
      (2) Force-placed insurance defined For purposes of this subsection and subsections (l) and (m),
      the term “ force-placed insurance ” means hazard insurance coverage obtained by a servicer of a
      federally related mortgage when the borrower has failed to maintain or renew hazard insurance on
      such property as required of the borrower under the terms of the mortgage.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-l
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-l
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(l)
  description: '(l): (l) Requirements for force-placed insurance A servicer of a federally related mortgage
    shall not be construed as having a reasonable basis for obtaining force-placed insurance unless the
    requirements of this subsection have been met. (1) Written notices to borrower A servicer may not
    impose any char…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (l) Requirements for force-placed insurance A servicer of a federally related mortgage
      shall not be construed as having a reasonable basis for obtaining force-placed insurance unless
      the requirements of this subsection have been met. (1) Written notices to borrower A servicer may
      not impose any charge on any borrower for force-placed insurance with respect to any property securing
      a federally related mortgage unless— (A) the servicer has sent, by first-class mail, a written notice
      to the borrower containing—
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-i
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(i)
  description: '(i): (i) a reminder of the borrower’s obligation to maintain hazard insurance on the property
    securing the federally related mortgage; (ii) a statement that the servicer does not have evidence
    of insurance coverage of such property; (iii) a clear and conspicuous statement of the procedures
    by which the b…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (i) a reminder of the borrower’s obligation to maintain hazard insurance on the property
      securing the federally related mortgage; (ii) a statement that the servicer does not have evidence
      of insurance coverage of such property; (iii) a clear and conspicuous statement of the procedures
      by which the borrower may demonstrate that the borrower already has insurance coverage; and (iv)
      a statement that the servicer may obtain such coverage at the borrower’s expense if the borrower
      does not provide such demonstration of the borrower’s existing coverage in a timely manner; (B)
      the servicer has sent, by first-class mail, a second written notice, at least 30 days after the
      mailing of the notice under subparagraph (A) that contains all the information described in each
      clause of such subparagraph; and (C) the servicer has not received from the borrower any demonstration
      of hazard insurance coverage for the property securing the mortgage by the end of the 15-day period
      beginning on the date the notice under subparagraph (B) was sent by the servicer . (2) Sufficiency
      of demonstration A servicer of a federally related mortgage shall accept any reasonable form of
      written confirmation from a borrower of existing insurance coverage, which shall include the existing
      insurance policy number along with the identity of, and contact information for, the insurance company
      or agent, or as otherwise required by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection. (3) Termination
      of force-placed insurance Within 15 days of the receipt by a servicer of confirmation of a borrower’s
      existing insurance coverage, the servicer shall— (A) terminate the force-placed insurance ; and
      (B) refund to the consumer all force-placed insurance premiums paid by the borrower during any period
      during which the borrower’s insurance coverage and the force-placed insurance coverage were each
      in effect, and any related fees charged to the consumer’s account with respect to the force-placed
      insurance during such period. (4) Clarification with respect to Flood Disaster Protection Act No
      provision of this section shall be construed as prohibiting a servicer from providing simultaneous
      or concurrent notice of a lack of flood insurance pursuant to section 4012a(e) of title 42 .
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: respa-12usc-2605-m
  canonical_id: respa-12usc-2605-m
  section: 12 U.S.C. §2605(m)
  description: '(m): (m) Limitations on force-placed insurance charges All charges, apart from charges
    subject to State regulation as the business of insurance, related to force-placed insurance imposed
    on the borrower by or through the servicer shall be bona fide and reasonable. ( Pub. L. 93–533, §
    6 , as added Pub. L.…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: 12 U.S.C. §2605(a)
    source_class: respa-statute
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/12/2605
    snapshot_id: 29cd7ed6ce213117
    fetched_at: '2026-05-22T18:52:54Z'
    content_hash: sha256:38c67fe22a7e79141ffffb24b50b0b4829ba0a56d508f6fc2999ef5ad10f9e8a
    paragraph_quote: (m) Limitations on force-placed insurance charges All charges, apart from charges
      subject to State regulation as the business of insurance, related to force-placed insurance imposed
      on the borrower by or through the servicer shall be bona fide and reasonable. ( Pub. L. 93–533,
      § 6 , as added Pub. L. 101–625, title IX, § 941 , Nov. 28, 1990 , 104 Stat. 4405 ; amended Pub.
      L. 102–27, title III, § 312(a) , Apr. 10, 1991 , 105 Stat. 154 ; Pub. L. 103–325, title III, § 345
      , Sept. 23, 1994 , 108 Stat. 2239 ; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title II, § 2103(a) , Sept. 30, 1996
      , 110 Stat. 3009–399 ; Pub. L. 111–203, title X, § 1098(4) , title XIV, § 1463, July 21, 2010 ,
      124 Stat. 2104 , 2182.)
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim subsection of 12 U.S.C. §2605 from Cornell LII snapshot 29cd7ed6ce213117;
      body isolated between nav and notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
