source:
  type: regulation
  id: ecoa-15usc-1691c
  authority: ECOA (Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1691c — Administrative enforcement
  description: 'ECOA (Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C.), §1691c Administrative enforcement. Captured section-complete
    from Cornell LII (verbatim).

    '
obligations:
- id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-a
  canonical_id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-a
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1691c(a)
  description: 'Administrative enforcement — (a): (a) Enforcing agencies Subject to subtitle B of the Consumer Protection
    Financial Protection Act of 2010 [1] with [2] the requirements imposed under this subchapter shall be enforced
    under: (1) section 8 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [ 12 U.S.C. 1818 ], by the appropriate Federal banking
    agen…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: ECOA (Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1691c
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1691c
    snapshot_id: 5013b84ddafe4758
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:1de3af90dc8a6b3669ef5cf4a66310666f172f3a9519aa7c46a1d2f2f48f4378
    paragraph_quote: '(a) Enforcing agencies Subject to subtitle B of the Consumer Protection Financial Protection
      Act of 2010 [1] with [2] the requirements imposed under this subchapter shall be enforced under: (1) section
      8 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act [ 12 U.S.C. 1818 ], by the appropriate Federal banking agency, as defined
      in section 3(q) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1813(q) ), with respect to— (A) national
      banks, Federal savings associations, and Federal branches and Federal agencies of foreign banks; (B) member
      banks of the Federal Reserve System (other than national banks), branches and agencies of foreign banks (other
      than Federal branches, Federal agencies, and insured State branches of foreign banks), commercial lending
      companies owned or controlled by foreign banks, and organizations operating under section 25 or 25A of the
      Federal Reserve Act [ 12 U.S.C. 601 et seq., 611 et seq.]; and (C) banks and State savings associations insured
      by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (other than members of the Federal Reserve System ), and insured
      State branches of foreign banks; (2) The Federal Credit Union Act [ 12 U.S.C. 1751 et seq.], by the Administrator
      of the National Credit Union Administration with respect to any Federal Credit Union. (3) Subtitle IV of title
      49, by the Secretary of Transportation, with respect to all carriers subject to the jurisdiction of the Surface
      Transportation Board . (4) Part A of subtitle VII of title 49, by the Secretary of Transportation with respect
      to any air carrier or foreign air carrier subject to that part. (5) The Packers and Stockyards Act, 1921 [
      7 U.S.C. 181 et seq.] (except as provided in section 406 of that Act [ 7 U.S.C. 226 , 227]), by the Secretary
      of Agriculture with respect to any activities subject to that Act. (6) The Farm Credit Act of 1971 [ 12 U.S.C.
      2001 et seq.], by the Farm Credit Administration with respect to any Federal land bank, Federal land bank
      association, Federal intermediate credit bank, and production credit association; (7) The Securities Exchange
      Act of 1934 [ 15 U.S.C. 78a et seq.], by the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to brokers and
      dealers; (8) The Small Business Investment Act of 1958 [ 15 U.S.C. 661 et seq.], by the Small Business Administration
      , with respect to small business investment companies; and (9) Subtitle E of the Consumer Financial Protection
      Act of 2010 [ 12 U.S.C. 5561 et seq.], by the Bureau, with respect to any person subject to this subchapter.
      The terms used in paragraph (1) that are not defined in this subchapter or otherwise defined in section 3(s)
      of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act ( 12 U.S.C. 1813(s) ) shall have the meaning given to them in section
      1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978 ( 12 U.S.C. 3101 ).'
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1691c subsection (a) from Cornell LII snapshot 5013b84ddafe4758;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-b
  canonical_id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-b
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1691c(b)
  description: 'Administrative enforcement — (b): (b) Violations of subchapter deemed violations of preexisting
    statutory requirements; additional agency powers For the purpose of the exercise by any agency referred to in
    subsection (a) of its powers under any Act referred to in that subsection, a violation of any requirement imposed
    under this sub…'
  type: dont
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: ECOA (Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1691c
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1691c
    snapshot_id: 5013b84ddafe4758
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:1de3af90dc8a6b3669ef5cf4a66310666f172f3a9519aa7c46a1d2f2f48f4378
    paragraph_quote: (b) Violations of subchapter deemed violations of preexisting statutory requirements; additional
      agency powers For the purpose of the exercise by any agency referred to in subsection (a) of its powers under
      any Act referred to in that subsection, a violation of any requirement imposed under this subchapter shall
      be deemed to be a violation of a requirement imposed under that Act. In addition to its powers under any provision
      of law specifically referred to in subsection (a), each of the agencies referred to in that subsection may
      exercise for the purpose of enforcing compliance with any requirement imposed under this subchapter, any other
      authority conferred on it by law. The exercise of the authorities of any of the agencies referred to in subsection
      (a) for the purpose of enforcing compliance with any requirement imposed under this subchapter shall in no
      way preclude the exercise of such authorities for the purpose of enforcing compliance with any other provision
      of law not relating to the prohibition of discrimination on the basis of sex or marital status with respect
      to any aspect of a credit transaction.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1691c subsection (b) from Cornell LII snapshot 5013b84ddafe4758;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-c
  canonical_id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-c
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1691c(c)
  description: 'Administrative enforcement — (c): (c) Overall enforcement authority of Federal Trade Commission
    Except to the extent that enforcement of the requirements imposed under this subchapter is specifically committed
    to some other Government agency under any of paragraphs (1) through (8) of subsection (a), and subject to subtitle
    B of the …'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: ECOA (Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1691c
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1691c
    snapshot_id: 5013b84ddafe4758
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:1de3af90dc8a6b3669ef5cf4a66310666f172f3a9519aa7c46a1d2f2f48f4378
    paragraph_quote: (c) Overall enforcement authority of Federal Trade Commission Except to the extent that enforcement
      of the requirements imposed under this subchapter is specifically committed to some other Government agency
      under any of paragraphs (1) through (8) of subsection (a), and subject to subtitle B of the Consumer Financial
      Protection Act of 2010 , the Federal Trade Commission shall be authorized to enforce such requirements. For
      the purpose of the exercise by the Federal Trade Commission of its functions and powers under the Federal
      Trade Commission Act ( 15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.), a violation of any requirement imposed under this subchapter
      [3] shall be deemed a violation of a requirement imposed under that Act. All of the functions and powers of
      the Federal Trade Commission under the Federal Trade Commission Act are available to the Federal Trade Commission
      to enforce compliance by any person with the requirements imposed under this subchapter, irrespective of whether
      that person is engaged in commerce or meets any other jurisdictional tests under the Federal Trade Commission
      Act , including the power to enforce any rule prescribed by the Bureau under this subchapter in the same manner
      as if the violation had been a violation of a Federal Trade Commission trade regulation rule.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1691c subsection (c) from Cornell LII snapshot 5013b84ddafe4758;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
- id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-d
  canonical_id: ecoa-15usc-1691c-d
  section: 15 U.S.C. §1691c(d)
  description: 'Administrative enforcement — (d): (d) Rules and regulations by enforcing agencies The authority
    of the Bureau to issue regulations under this subchapter does not impair the authority of any other agency designated
    in this section to make rules respecting its own procedures in enforcing compliance with requirements imposed
    under this…'
  type: do
  tags:
  - regulator-direct
  - gap-fill
  - section-complete
  - usc-statute
  primary_source:
    tier: 1
    authority: ECOA (Equal Credit Opportunity Act, 15 U.S.C.) § 1691c
    source_class: usc-statute-lii
    source_url: https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1691c
    snapshot_id: 5013b84ddafe4758
    fetched_at: '2026-06-18T00:00:00+00:00'
    content_hash: sha256:1de3af90dc8a6b3669ef5cf4a66310666f172f3a9519aa7c46a1d2f2f48f4378
    paragraph_quote: (d) Rules and regulations by enforcing agencies The authority of the Bureau to issue regulations
      under this subchapter does not impair the authority of any other agency designated in this section to make
      rules respecting its own procedures in enforcing compliance with requirements imposed under this subchapter.
      ( Pub. L. 90–321, title VII, § 704 , as added Pub. L. 93–495, title V, § 503 , Oct. 28, 1974 , 88 Stat. 1522
      ; amended Pub. L. 94–239, § 4 , Mar. 23, 1976 , 90 Stat. 253 ; Pub. L. 98–443, § 9(n) , Oct. 4, 1984 , 98
      Stat. 1708 ; Pub. L. 101–73, title VII, § 744(m) , Aug. 9, 1989 , 103 Stat. 439 ; Pub. L. 102–242, title II,
      § 212(d) , Dec. 19, 1991 , 105 Stat. 2300 ; Pub. L. 102–550, title XVI, § 1604(a)(7) , Oct. 28, 1992 , 106
      Stat. 4082 ; Pub. L. 104–88, title III, § 315 , Dec. 29, 1995 , 109 Stat. 948 ; Pub. L. 111–203, title X,
      § 1085(4) , July 21, 2010 , 124 Stat. 2084 .) [1] So in original. Probably should be “ Consumer Financial
      Protection Act of 2010 ”. [2] So in original. Probably should be “, compliance with”. [3] See References in
      Text note below.
    drafter_attestation: Verbatim slice of 15 U.S.C. §1691c subsection (d) from Cornell LII snapshot 5013b84ddafe4758;
      body isolated between nav and Editorial/Statutory Notes; substring-verified.
  judgment: false
